Understanding History and Society through Images, 1776-1914

Appendix

Virginia/United States History Standards of Learning Objectives

Standard VUS.2 Knowledge - The student will describe how early European exploration and colonization resulted in cultural interactions among Europeans, Africans, and American Indians.

Standard VUS.2 Skills

• Identify, analyze, and interpret primary and secondary source documents, records, and data to increase understanding of events and life in the United States. (VUS.1a)
• Formulate historical questions and defend findings, based on inquiry and interpretation. (VUS.1c)
• Develop perspectives of time and place. (VUS.1d)

Standard VUS.3 Knowledge

The student will describe how the values and institutions of European economic and political life took root in the colonies and how slavery reshaped European and African life in the Americas.

Standard VUS.3 Skills

• Identify, analyze, and interpret primary and secondary source documents, records, and data to increase understanding of events and life in the United States. (VUS.1a)
• Formulate historical questions and defend findings, based on inquiry and interpretation. (VUS.1c)
• Develop perspectives of time and place. (VUS.1d)
• Apply geographic skills and reference sources to understand how relationships between humans and their environment have changed over time. (VUS.1g)
• Identify the costs and benefits of specific choices made, including the consequences, both intended and unintended, of the decisions and how people and nations responded to positive and negative incentives. (VUS.1i)

Standard VUS.6e Knowledge

The student will demonstrate knowledge of the major events from the last decade of the eighteenth century through the first half of the nineteenth century by

e) describing the cultural, economic, and political issues that divided the nation, including tariffs, slavery, the abolitionist and women's suffrage movements, and the role of the states in the Union.

Standard VUS.6e Skills

• Identify, analyze, and interpret primary and secondary source documents, records, and data to increase understanding of events and life in the United States. (VUS.1a)
• Formulate historical questions and defend findings, based on inquiry and interpretation. (VUS.1c)
• Develop perspectives of time and place. (VUS.1d)
• Interpret the significance of excerpts from famous speeches and other documents. (VUS.1h)

Standard VUS.7a,d,&e

The student will demonstrate knowledge of the Civil War and Reconstruction Era and their importance as major turning points in American history by

a) evaluating the multiple causes of the Civil War, including the role of the institution of slavery as a principal cause of the conflict.

d) examining the political and economic impact of the war and Reconstruction, including the adoption of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the Constitution of the United States.

e) examining the social impact of the war on African Americans, the common soldier, and the home front, with emphasis on Virginia.

Standard VUS.7a,d,&e

• Formulate historical questions and defend findings, based on inquiry and interpretation. (VUS.1c)
• Develop perspectives of time and place. (VUS.1d)
• Apply geographic skills and reference sources to understand how relationships between humans and their environment have changed over time. (VUS.1g)
• Interpret the significance of excerpts from famous speeches and other documents. (VUS.1h)

Standard VUS.8

The student will demonstrate knowledge of how the nation grew and changed from the end of Reconstruction through the early twentieth century by

c) analyzing prejudice and discrimination during this time period, with emphasis on "Jim Crow" and the responses of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois.

Standard VUS.8

• Formulate historical questions and defend findings, based on inquiry and interpretation. (VUS.1c)
• Develop perspectives of time and place. (VUS.1d)
• Interpret the significance of excerpts from famous speeches and other documents. (VUS.1h)

Images from Lesson

VUS.2,3

1. Description of a Slave Ship, Unknown Artist
2. The Slave Ship, J.F.W. Turner, woodcut, Peabody Essex Museum, Salem MA
3. Slavery in the West Indies, George Cruikshank, Library of Congress
4. The Auction Sale, Hammatt Billings, Illustration from Uncle Tom's Cabin
5. An American Slave Market, Taylor, Unknown
6. Slave Auction, Lefevre James Cranstone, Unknown
7. Barbarities in the West Indias, James Gillra, etching with hand-coloring, Yale University Library
8. Slave Market, Artist Unknown
9. The Slave Trade, Francois-Auguste Biard, Oil, Wilberforce House, Kingston-Upon-Hull, England

VUS.6

1. Liberty Displaying the Arts and Sciences, Samuel Jennings, Oil on Canvas, The Library Company of Philadelphia
2. Negro Life in the South, Eastman Johnson, Oil, New York Historical Society
3. Confidence and Admiration, Eastman Johnson, Oil, New York Historical Society
4. Slaves Waiting For Sale, Eyre Crowe, Oil, Private Collection
5. Testing Tobacco, Richmond, Virginia, Eyre Crowe, sketch, With Thackery in America
6. Odd Fellows Hall, Samuel Smith Kilburn, Unknown
7. Am I Not a Man?, Josiah Wedgwood & William Hackwood, Unknown
8. The Driver's Whip,The Third Report of the Female Society for Birmingham, Westbromich, Wednesbury Walsall, and their Respective Neighbourhoods, for the Relief of British Negro Slaves, Established April 8, 1825
9. The Negro Mother's Appeal, Unkownn
10. Auction at Richmond, George Bourne, Unknown
11. Jail in Washington, American Anti-slavery Society
12. Selling a Mother from Her Child, American Anti-slavery Society
13. Illustration from Henry Bibb, Narrative of the Life Adventures of Henry Bibb
14. Negro Life in the Slave States of America, Casey's Great Appeal
15. The Hunted Slaves, Richard Ansdell, Known
16. The Price of Blood, Thomas Satterwhite Noble, Oil, Morris Museum of Art - Augusta
17. Lumpkin's Jail, Charles Henry Corey, sketch, A History of Richmond Theological Seminary
18. Franklin and Armfield's Slave Market, American Anti-slavery Society
19. Slave Pen, Alexander, VA, Library of Congress
20. The Power of Music, William Sydney Mount, Unknown
21. The Modern Madea – The story of Margaret Garner, Anonymous
22. Farmer's Nooning, William Sydney Mount, Unknown

VUS.7

1. Eliza Tells Tom He is Sold, Hammatt Billings, Illustration from Uncle Tom's Cabin
2. John Brown led to Execution, Thomas Satterfield White, Oil, New York Historical Society
3. John Brown on his way to Execution, Louis Ransome, Oil, New York Historical Society
4. Last Moments of John Brown, Thomas Hovenden, Oil, Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco
5. Emancipation Group, George Bissell, Unknown

VUS.8

1. Darkies Day at the Fair, Frederick Opper, Newspaper Cartoon, Library of Congress
2. Slavery is Dead, Thomas Nast, Illustration, Harper's Weekly
3. The Accused, Joseph Decker, Oil, Private Collection
4. Dandy Jim from Caroline, Anonymous, Illustration Cover Daniel Decatur Emmett Song
5. Sunday Morning in Virginia, Winslow Homer, Unknown