The Problem of Mass Incarceration

CONTENTS OF CURRICULUM UNIT 19.02.05

  1. Unit Guide
  1. Introduction
  2. Rationale 
  3. Objectives
  4. Content Background
  5. Teaching Strategies
  6. Bibliography 
  7. Student Reading List
  8. Appendix
  9. Endnotes

Who Watches the Watchmen? How Police Militarization Has Subverted the Constitution

Bret Plavchak

Published September 2019

Tools for this Unit:

Endnotes

  1. Balko, Radley. Rise of the Warrior Cop: The Militarization of America's Police Forces. Public Affairs, 2014, 16.
  2. Ibid., 22.
  3. Ibid., 6.
  4. Ibid.
  5. Ibid., 28.
  6. Altenburger, Christine. "The Pittsburgh Bureau of Police: Some Historical Highlights." January 1966, 19-37. https://journals.psu.edu/wph/article/viewFile/2781/2613, 20-21.
  7. Balko, Radley. Rise of the Warrior Cop: The Militarization of America's Police Forces. Public Affairs, 2014, 30.
  8. Ibid.
  9. Altenburger, Christine. "The Pittsburgh Bureau of Police: Some Historical Highlights." January 1966, 19-37. https://journals.psu.edu/wph/article/viewFile/2781/2613, 26.
  10. Ibid., 27.
  11. Balko, Radley. Rise of the Warrior Cop: The Militarization of America's Police Forces. Public Affairs, 2014, 32.
  12. Altenburger, Christine. "The Pittsburgh Bureau of Police: Some Historical Highlights." January 1966, 19-37. https://journals.psu.edu/wph/article/viewFile/2781/2613, 31.
  13. Ibid., 32.
  14. Ibid.
  15. Balko, Radley. Rise of the Warrior Cop: The Militarization of America's Police Forces. Public Affairs, 2014, 62.
  16. Kraska, Peter B., and Louis J. Cubellis. "Militarizing Mayberry and Beyond: Making Sense of American Paramilitary Policing." Justice Quarterly14, no. 4 (1997): 607-29. 4.
  17. Balko, Radley. Rise of the Warrior Cop: The Militarization of America's Police Forces. Public Affairs, 2014, 65.
  18. Ibid., 79.
  19. Ibid., 87.
  20. Ibid., 105.
  21. Ibid., 137.
  22. Ibid., 145.
  23. Ibid., 157.
  24. Ibid., 158.
  25. Ibid., 167.
  26. Kraska, Peter B., and Louis J. Cubellis. "Militarizing Mayberry and Beyond: Making Sense of American Paramilitary Policing." Justice Quarterly14, no. 4 (1997): 607-29. 15.
  27. Balko, Radley. Rise of the Warrior Cop: The Militarization of America's Police Forces. Public Affairs, 2014, 179.
  28. Ibid., 180.
  29. Ibid., 210.
  30. Ibid., 220.
  31. Ibid., 237.
  32. Ibid., 254.
  33. Kraska, P. B. "Militarization and Policing--Its Relevance to 21st Century Police." Policing1, no. 4 (2007): 501-13. doi:10.1093/police/pam065. 6.
  34. Balko, Radley. Rise of the Warrior Cop: The Militarization of America's Police Forces. Public Affairs, 2014, 248.
  35. Kraska, Peter B., and Louis J. Cubellis. "Militarizing Mayberry and Beyond: Making Sense of American Paramilitary Policing." Justice Quarterly14, no. 4 (1997): 607-29. 10.
  36. Kraska, P. B. "Militarization and Policing--Its Relevance to 21st Century Police." Policing1, no. 4 (2007): 501-13. doi:10.1093/police/pam065. 7.
  37. Ibid.
  38. Balko, Radley. Rise of the Warrior Cop: The Militarization of America's Police Forces. Public Affairs, 2014, 48.
  39. Ibid., 137.
  40. Ibid., 151.
  41. Ibid., 173.
  42. Ibid., 196.
  43. Ibid., 197.
  44. 2017 Statistical Report.Apps.pittsburghpa.gov.apps.pittsburghpa.gov/redtail/images/4801_2017_Annual_Report_Final_1.3.19.pdf. Accessed 6 June 2019.
  45. "How Crime Pays: The Unconstitutionality of Modern Civil Asset Forfeiture as a Tool of Criminal Law Enforcement."Harvard Law Review. Accessed August 02, 2019. https://harvardlawreview.org/2018/06/how-crime-pays-the-unconstitutionality-of-modern-civil-asset-forfeiture-as-a-tool-of-criminal-law-enforcement/.
  46. Balko, Radley. Rise of the Warrior Cop: The Militarization of America's Police Forces. Public Affairs, 2014, 140.
  47. Ibid., 175.
  48. "How Crime Pays: The Unconstitutionality of Modern Civil Asset Forfeiture as a Tool of Criminal Law Enforcement."Harvard Law Review. Accessed August 02, 2019. https://harvardlawreview.org/2018/06/how-crime-pays-the-unconstitutionality-of-modern-civil-asset-forfeiture-as-a-tool-of-criminal-law-enforcement/.
  49. Allyn, Bobby, Ryan Briggs, and PA Post. "Cash Grab: As Asset Forfeiture Quietly Expands across Pa., Abuses Follow." Pennlive.com. April 24, 2019. Accessed August 02, 2019. https://www.pennlive.com/news/2019/04/cash-grab-as-asset-forfeiture-quietly-expands-across-pa-abuses-follow.html.
  50. "How Crime Pays: The Unconstitutionality of Modern Civil Asset Forfeiture as a Tool of Criminal Law Enforcement."Harvard Law Review. Accessed August 02, 2019. https://harvardlawreview.org/2018/06/how-crime-pays-the-unconstitutionality-of-modern-civil-asset-forfeiture-as-a-tool-of-criminal-law-enforcement/.
  51. Ibid.
  52. "Community Control." The Movement for Black Lives. Accessed August 02, 2019. https://policy.m4bl.org/community-control/.
  53. Ibid.
  54. Stolberg, Sheryl Gay. “'It Did Not Stick': The First Federal Effort to Curb Police Abuse.” The New York Times, 9 Apr. 2017, www.nytimes.com/2017/04/09/us/first-consent-decree-police-abuse-pittsburgh.html.
  55. Ibid.
  56. “2017 CPRB Annual Report.”Pittsburgh Citizen Police Review Board (CPRB), 31 Aug. 2018, cprbpgh.org/2404. Accessed 5 May 2019.
  57. 2017 Statistical Report.Apps.pittsburghpa.gov.apps.pittsburghpa.gov/redtail/images/4801_2017_Annual_Report_Final_1.3.19.pdf. Accessed 6 June 2019.
  58. Final Report of the President’s Task Force on 21st Century Policing. U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, 2015.
  59. Kraska, P. B. "Militarization and Policing--Its Relevance to 21st Century Police." Policing1, no. 4 (2007): 501-13. doi:10.1093/police/pam065. 9.
  60. Final Report of the President’s Task Force on 21st Century Policing. U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, 2015. 10.
  61. United States. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services. Procedural Justice and Law Enforcement. By Laura Kunard and Charlene Moe. 1-40.
  62. Ibid.
  63. Ibid.
  64. "Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania." National Initiative. Accessed August 02, 2019. https://trustandjustice.org/pilot-sites/info/pittsburgh-pennsylvania.
  65. Ibid.
  66. Ibid.

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