Caretakers versus Exploiters: Impacting Biodiversity in the Age of Humans

CONTENTS OF CURRICULUM UNIT 20.05.05

  1. Unit Guide
  1. Introduction
  2. Demographics
  3. Rationale
  4. Learning Objectives
  5. Background Content
  6. Teaching Strategies
  7. Activities/Lessons
  8. Appendix on Implementing Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)
  9. Resources
  10. Notes

Biodiversity Beyond the Four Walls

Jennifer Frasher

Published September 2020

Tools for this Unit:

Resources

Addison, JA., EC. Berry BH. Alban, K. Weber S. Ammer, M. Vila J. Andreu, S. Barr, S.. Barr, DH. Beetle, et al. “Human Dimensions of Earthworm Invasion in the Adirondack State Park.” Human Ecology. Springer US, January 1, 1970. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10745-011-9422-y.

Case Study #3

Beck, K. George, Kenneth Zimmerman, Jeffrey D. Schardt, Jeffrey Stone, Ronald R. Lukens, Sarah Reichard, John Randall, Allegra A. Cangelosi, Diane Cooper, and John Peter Thompson. “Invasive Species Defined in a Policy Context: Recommendations from the Federal Invasive Species Advisory Committee.” Invasive Plant Science and Management 1, no. 4 (2008): 414–21. https://doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-08-089.1.

Information on terminology and part of a much larger collection of articles on invasive species.

Bohlen, Patrick J., Stefan Scheu, Cindy M. Hale, Mary Ann McLean, Sonja Migge, Peter M. Groffman, and Dennis Parkinson. “Non‐Native Invasive Earthworms as Agents of Change in Northern Temperate Forests.” The Ecological Society of America. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, October 1, 2004. https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002[0427:NIEAAO]2.0.CO;2.

Case Study #3

Geisel, Theodore, and Suess. The Lorax. New Brunswick, NJ: Phoenix/BFA Films & Video, 1975.

Classic cartoon movie that shows how human greed can destroy the environment. Also available as a book.

Goode, Erica. “Invasive Species Aren't Always Unwanted.” The New York Times. The New York Times, February 29, 2016. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/01/science/invasive-species.html.

Thought provoking information from researchers who feel that not all non-native species are necessarily bad.

“How to Frighten Geese Away in Delaware: Canada Goose.” WildlifeHelp.org. Accessed July 31, 2020. https://wildlifehelp.org/solution/delaware/canada-goose/how-frighten-geese-away/118.

Case Study #4

“Invasive Species Definition Clarification and Guidance.” Invasive Species Definition Clarification and Guidance | NISIC | USDA. National Invasive Species Information Center. Accessed July 31, 2020. https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/invasive-species-definition-clarification-and-guidance.

Great terminology resource.

Kcopas. “IMapInvasives Application.” NatureServe. NatureServe, January 31, 2014. https://www.natureserve.org/conservation-tools/imapinvasives.

Information for a citizen science application on invasives.

Kimmerer, Robin Wall. Braiding Sweetgrass. Minneapolis, MN, MN: Milkweed Editions, 2013.

Case Study #2 Beautiful book blending indigenous wisdom, science and plant biodiversity.

Kolbert, Elizabeth. The Sixth Extinction: an Unnatural History. New York, NY: Picador, 2015.

A blend of historical and modern-day science that highlights species and diversity loss on earth. Engaging and enlightening.

Mitchell, Alanna. “'Earthworm Dilemma' Has Climate Scientists Racing to Keep Up.” The New York Times. The New York Times, May 20, 2019. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/20/science/earthworms-soil-climate.html.

Case Study #3

“National Invasive Species Information Center (NISIC).” National Invasive Species Information Center | United States Department of Agriculture. Accessed July 31, 2020. http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/.

Federal Information, Executive Orders, Committees and Terminology that is regularly updated.

“Native, Invasive, and Other Plant-Related Definitions.” Native, Invasive, and Other Plant-Related Definitions | NRCS Connecticut. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Accessed July 31, 2020. https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/ct/technical/ecoscience/invasive/?cid=nrcs142p2_011124.

Clear terminology source.

Next Generation Science Standards, July 10, 2020. https://www.nextgenscience.org/.

Massive resource for all things related to the science standards including videos, quick references, rubrics and a searchable database.

Paulin, Joseph, Positive Benefits and Negative Impacts of Canada Geese § (2003).

Case Study #4

Schwartz M.W. (1997) “Defining Indigenous Species: An Introduction”. In Luken, J. O., Thieret J.W. (eds) Assessment and Management of Plant Invasions, 7–17. New York, NY: Springer, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1926-2_2

Helpful overview of terminology and how it varies. Uses Indigenous rather than native.

Thomas, Adam. “Canada Geese.” UDaily, October 3, 2016. https://www.udel.edu/udaily/2016/october/canada-geese-population/.

Case Study #4

“The Trouble with Earthworms.” NPR. NPR, March 23, 2007. https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=9105956.

Case Study #3

“United States Department of Agriculture.” USDA. Accessed July 30, 2020. https://www.usda.gov/.

USDA is a searchable website for information on plant management, forestry, ecology and more. Regional information and regulations, too. Highly useful!

Waller Postdoctoral Fellow, Lauren, and Warwick Allen Postdoctoral fellow. “Planting Non-Native Trees Accelerates the Release of Carbon Back into the Atmosphere.” The Conversation, June 15, 2020. https://theconversation.com/planting-non-native-trees-accelerates-the-release-of-carbon-back-into-the-atmosphere-139841.

Case Study #1

“What Is an Invasive Species?” Delaware Invasive Species Council Inc. The Delaware Invasive Species Council, Inc. Accessed July 31, 2020. https://delawareinvasives.net/?page_id=57.

Delaware specific terminology.

Whiteside, Jessica, and Kliti Grice. “Central Authentication Service.” University of Delaware Central Authentication Service, 2016. https://www-annualreviews-org.udel.idm.oclc.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-earth-060115-012501.

Clarification of Mass Extinctions

Williams C.E. (1997) “Potential Valuable Ecological Functions of Nonindigenous Plants”. In Luken, J. O., Thieret J.W. (eds) Assessment and Management of Plant Invasions, 26–34. New York, NY: Springer, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1926-2_4

Provides clear information and examples supporting the potential value of non-native(indigenous) species.

Wills, Matthew. “Maybe Earthworms Aren’t So Great For Soil After All.” JSTOR Daily - Plants and Animals, July 28, 2017. https://daily.jstor.org/maybe-earthworms-arent-so-great-for-soil-after-all/.

Case Study #3.

Winfrey, Oprah. “The Powerful Lesson Maya Angelou Taught Oprah.” Oprah.com, 2011. http://www.oprah.com/oprahs-lifeclass/the-powerful-lesson-maya-angelou-taught-oprah-video.

Variations of quote are attributed to Maya but no direct sources.

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