Appendix on Implementing District Standards
Virginia uses the Virginia Standards of Learning.
VA SOL ELA 7.6: The student will read and demonstrate comprehension of a variety of nonfiction texts. Students will demonstrate understanding of Voces Sin Fronteras and accompanying texts by making connections between the texts and themselves. Responses to high-order thinking questions including comparing sources including differing maps will evidence students comprehension of perspective.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.7.10: By the end of the year, read and comprehend literary nonfiction in the grades 6-8 text complexity band proficiently, with scaffolding as needed at the high end of the range.
VA SOL ELA 7.7: The student will write in a variety of forms with an emphasis on exposition, narration, and persuasion. Students writing around the guiding questions and the topic will include exposition and narration.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.WHST.6-8.4a: Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.
VA SOL USII.9a: The student will apply social science skills to understand the key domestic and international issues during the second half of the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries by evaluating and explaining American foreign policy, immigration, the global environment, and other emerging issues. Students will be able to explain foreign policy as it relates to immigration in Latin America and through the evaluation of data around immigration to the United States.
Annotated Bibliography
America in the World: A History in Documents from the War with Spain to the War on Terror. Edited by Jeffrey A. Engel, Mark Atwood Lawrence, and Andrew Preston. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2014. A collection of primary resources that provide competing views regarding American foreign policy from 1898 through the 2000s.
Aher Chacón, Justin. The Border Crossed Us: The Case for Opening the US-Mexico Border. Chicago: Haymarket Books, 2021. This book examines how trade and immigration policy from the 20th century to the present results in the exploitation of labor between the United States and Mexico.
Bell Lara, José and Delia Luisa López. “The Harvest of Neoliberalism in Latin America.” Imperialism, Neoliberalism and Social Struggles in Latin America. Edited by Richard A. Dello Buono and José Bell Lara. Chicago: Haymarket Books, 2009, pp. 17-35. This article provides an overview of the rise of social inequity from the 1970s to the 2000s as it relates to neoliberal trade policies.
Cammisa, Rebecca. Which Way Home. Mr. Mudd Production/HBO Films, 2009. Accessed June 12, 2022. https://play.hbomax.com/feature/urn:hbo:feature:GXAFvFAoizoa1vAEAAACO. This documentary follows the journey of Central American children attempting to cross the border to the United States.
Clark, Don. “Adjustment Problems in Developing Countries and the U.S.-Central America-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement.” The International Trade Journal, 23, no. 1 (2009); 31-53. This article examines CAFTA’s impact on trade between partner nations.
Chomsky, Aviva. Central America's Forgotten History: Revolution, Violence, and the Roots of Migration. Boston: Beacon Press, 2021. Chomsky examines the history of Latin American countries as it relates to the impact of U.S. intervention.
“Countries Of The World: El Salvador.” National Geographic Kids, adapted by Newsela staff. Accessed August 17, 2022. https://newsela.com/read/elem-country-el-salvador/id/40810/. This article is an example of a resource that could be used in a classroom setting.
“Distribution of Household Wealth in the U.S. since 1989.” Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Accessed July 28, 2022. www. federalreserve.gov/releases/z1/dataviz/dfa/distribute/chart/#quarter:0;series:Net%20worth;demographic:networth;population:1,3,5,7;units:shares;range:1989.3,2022.1. This resource provides multiple graphs to understand wealth distribution.
“Facts on U.S. immigrants, 2018.” Pew Research Center. Accessed July 28, 2022. www.pewresearch.org/hispanic/2020/08/20/facts-on-u-s-immigrants/. Pew Research Center provides graphs and data to document immigration trends in the United States.
Gabaccia, Donna. Foreign Relations: American Immigration in Global Perspective. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2012. Gabaccia covers over two centuries of American immigration and trade policy. The book examines how immigration is more than a domestic issue and shows the transnational relation that immigrants have to their home countries and the United States.
Garcia, Uríel. “Supreme Court rules Biden administration can end ‘remain in Mexico’ policy, sending case back to a Texas court.” Austin: The Texas Tribune, 6/22/2022. Accessed July 17, 2020. https://www.texastribune.org/2022/06/29/supreme-court-migrant-protection-protocols-remain-mexico-biden/. News coverage documenting immigration policies of the Trump and Biden administrations as it relates to the border along Mexico and the United States.
Gibson, Campbell and Kay Jung. “Historical Census Statistics on the Foreign-Born Population of the United States: 1850 to 2000.” U.S. Census Bureau. Accessed July 28, 2022. www.census.gov/library/working-papers/2006/demo/POP-twps0081.html#trends. This report provides an overview of the foreign-born population in the United States.
Gómez, Laura. Manifest Destinies: The Making of the Mexican American Race. New York: New York University Press: 2007. Gómez examines the construction of the Mexican American race covering history leading up to the annexation of northern Mexico from the United States through the 20th century with emphasis paid to New Mexico.
González, Juan. Harvest of Empire: A History of Latinos in America. New York: Penguin Books, 2001. This book provides history of Latin American countries in relation to U.S. foreign policy along with domestic experiences of Latinos in the United States.
González, Juan. Harvest of Empire: A History of Latinos in America. Directed by Peter Getzels and Eduardo López. Onyx Films, 2012. This documentary is an adaptation of the book of the same name.
Greenberg, Amy. Manifest Destiny and American Territorial Expansion: A Brief History With Documents. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2012. This article provides an overview of American territorial expansion. It traces the idea of Manifest Destiny to the arrival of colonial settlers.
Hoganson, Kristin. American Empire at the Turn of the Twentieth Century: A Brief History with Documents. Boston : Bedford/St. Martin's, Macmillan Learning: 2017. Hoganson details American imperialism as it relates to other countries in Asia and Latin America.
Immerwahr, Daniel. How to Hide an Empire: A History of the Greater United States. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2019. Immerwahr presents an argument of the United States as an empire through examining its territorial acquisitions including military bases throughout the world. He gives special emphasis to Puerto Rico and the Philippines.
Jacobson, Matthew Frye. Barbarian Virtues: The United States Encounters Foreign Peoples at Home and Abroad, 1876-1917. New York: Hill and Wang, 2000. Jacobson examines how American empire as it relates to territorial acquisition, globalization, and American identity as it relates to the “Americanization” of colonized people.
Johnson, Julia, “Towards a New Generation in Central America Trade: Proposals for Modernizing CAFTA-DR.” Pace International Law Review, 32 (no. 1), 2019; 103-136. This article provides an overview of CAFTA. It outlines its benefits to trade and acknowledges poor living conditions though it does not go into detail on societal issues.
Medina, Meg. Voces Sin Fronters: Our Stories, Our Truth. Washington, DC: Shout Mouse Press, 2018. This young adult novel provides 16 stories written by youth immigrants from Latin America.
Salinas Figueredo, Darío. “Democratic Governability in Latin America: Limits and Possibilities in the Context of Neoliberal Domination.” Imperialism, Neoliberalism and Social Struggles in Latin America. Edited by Richard A. Dello Buono and José Bell Lara. Chicago: Haymarket Books, 2009, pp. 85-102. This article examines the role of the United States in Latin America as it relates to neoliberal policy.
Sargent, Daniel. “Neoliberalism as a Form of US Power.” The Cambridge History of America and the World, edited by David C. Engerman, Max Paul Friedman, and Melani McAlister. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022. This article provides an overview of neoliberalism and free trade policy in the 20th century as it relates to the effort of the United States as the leading superpower to integrate markets while loosening the ability of governments to regulate trade.
Sybenga, Justin. “The Roots of Immigration from El Salvador and Current Policy Debates.” Teaching for Change. Accessed August 17, 2022. https://www.teachingcentralamerica.org/immigration-from-el-salvador. This site has a variety of lesson plans for teaching about topics related to Central America.
US Census Bureau. "2020 Census Illuminates Racial and Ethnic Composition of the Country." 2020. This report includes current immigration figures from the Census Bureau.
Wineburg, Sam. Why Learn History (When It's Already on Your Phone). Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, 2018. Wineburg outlines an approach to teaching history that favors a process of historical thinking over rote memorization.
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