Bibliography
Averill-Murray, Roy C., Catherine R. Darst, Kimberleigh J. Field, and Linda J. Allison. "A New Approach to Conservation of the Mojave Desert Tortoise." BioScience 62, no. 10 (2012): 893-99. Accessed July 8, 2020. doi:10.1525/bio.2012.62.10.9.
Bartlett, Lewis J., David R. Williams, Graham W. Prescott, Andrew Balmford, Rhys E. Green, Anders Eriksson, Paul J. Valdes, Joy S. Singarayer, and Andrea Manica. "Robustness despite Uncertainty: Regional Climate Data Reveal the Dominant Role of Humans in Explaining Global Extinctions of Late Quaternary Megafauna." Ecography 39, no. 2 (2015): 152-61. Accessed June 19, 2020. doi:10.1111/ecog.01566.
Berkes, Fikret. "Rethinking Community-Based Conservation." Conservation Biology 18, no. 3 (June 2004): 621-30. Accessed June 8, 2020. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00077.x.
Boudreaux, Karol, and Fred Nelson. "Community Conservation In Namibia: Empowering The Poor With Property Rights." Economic Affairs 31, no. 2 (2011): 17-24. Accessed May 20, 2020. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0270.2011.02096.x.
Brito, José C., Raquel Godinho, Fernando Martínez-Freiría, Juan M. Pleguezuelos, Hugo Rebelo, Xavier Santos, Cândida G. Vale, Guillermo Velo-Antón, Zbyszek Boratyński, Sílvia B. Carvalho, Sónia Ferreira, Duarte V. Gonçalves, Teresa L. Silva, Pedro Tarroso, João C. Campos, João V. Leite, Joana Nogueira, Francisco Álvares, Neftalí Sillero, Andack S. Sow, Soumia Fahd, Pierre-André Crochet, and Salvador Carranza. "Unravelling Biodiversity, Evolution and Threats to Conservation in the Sahara-Sahel." Biological Reviews 89, no. 1 (2013): 215-31. Accessed July 8, 2020. doi:10.1111/brv.12049.
Crain, Caitlin M., Benjamin S. Halpern, Mike W. Beck, and Carrie V. Kappel. "Understanding and Managing Human Threats to the Coastal Marine Environment." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1162, no. 1 (2009): 39-62. Accessed July 12, 2020. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04496.x.
Curtin, Charles, and David Western. "Grasslands, People, and Conservation: Over-the-Horizon Learning Exchanges between African and American Pastoralists." Conservation Biology 22, no. 4 (2008): 870-77. Accessed July 12, 2020. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.00945.x.
Duncan, Clare, Daniela Kretz, Martin Wegmann, Thomas Rabeil, and Nathalie Pettorelli. "Oil in the Sahara: Mapping Anthropogenic Threats to Saharan Biodiversity from Space." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 369, no. 1643 (2014): 20130191. Accessed July 8, 2020. doi:10.1098/rstb.2013.0191.
Education, Virginia Department of. "Science Standards of Learning – Adopted 2018." VDOE :: Science Standards of Learning - Science Previous Version, Adopted 2003. Accessed July 15, 2020. http://www.doe.virginia.gov/testing/sol/standards_docs/science/2018/index.shtml.
Edwards, David P., Sean Sloan, Lingfei Weng, Paul Dirks, Jeffrey Sayer, and William F. Laurance. "Mining and the African Environment." Conservation Letters 7, no. 3 (2013): 302-11. Accessed July 8, 2020. doi:10.1111/conl.12076.
Elewa, Ashraf M. T. Mass Extinction. Berlin: Springer, 2008. Accessed June 19, 2020. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-540-75916-4.
Ellis, Erle C. Anthropocene: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. Accessed July 8, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198792987.001.0001.
Fargione, Joseph E., Thomas R. Cooper, David J. Flaspohler, Jason Hill, Clarence Lehman, David Tilman, Tim Mccoy, Scott Mcleod, Erik J. Nelson, and Karen S. Oberhauser. "Bioenergy and Wildlife: Threats and Opportunities for Grassland Conservation." BioScience 59, no. 9 (2009): 767-77. Accessed July 7, 2020. doi:10.1525/bio.2009.59.9.8.
Goodall, Jane. TED, 2007. Accessed June 2, 2020. https://www.ted.com/talks/jane_goodall_how_humans_and_animals_can_live_together.
Greshko, Michael. "What Are Mass Extinctions, and What Causes Them?" Mass Extinction Facts and Information from National Geographic. September 26, 2019. Accessed June 15, 2020. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/prehistoric-world/mass-extinction/.
Hoole, Arthur, and Fikret Berkes. "Breaking down Fences: Recoupling Social–ecological Systems for Biodiversity Conservation in Namibia." Geoforum 41, no. 2 (September 5, 2009): 304-17. Accessed May 20, 2020. doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2009.10.009.
Huss, M., B. Bookhagen, C. Huggel, D. Jacobsen, R.s. Bradley, J.j. Clague, M. Vuille, W. Buytaert, D.r. Cayan, G. Greenwood, B.g. Mark, A.m. Milner, R. Weingartner, and M. Winder. "Toward Mountains without Permanent Snow and Ice." Earths Future 5, no. 5 (2017): 418-35. Accessed July 8, 2020. doi:10.1002/2016ef000514.
IBiology. October 24, 2019. Accessed June 20, 2020. https://www.ibiology.org/ecology/loss-biodiversity-human-dominated-world/.
Jackson, Jerome A., and Bette J. S. Jackson. "Extinction: The Passenger Pigeon, Last Hopes, Letting Go." The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 119, no. 4 (2007): 767-72. Accessed July 8, 2020. doi:10.1676/1559-4491(2007)119[767:etpplh]2.0.co;2.
Kasaona, John. TED. Accessed May 15, 2020. https://www.ted.com/talks/john_kasaona_how_poachers_became_caretakers?language=en.
Kolbert, Elizabeth. The Sixth Extinction an Unnatural History. New York: Picador, Henry Holt and Company, 2015.
Laurance, William F. "Emerging Threats to Tropical Forests." Treetops at Risk, 2013, 71-79. Accessed July 12, 2020. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7161-5_5.
Masood, Ehsan. "The Battle for the Soul of Biodiversity." Nature News. August 22, 2018. Accessed July 8, 2020. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05984-3.
National Geographic Society. "Mass Extinctions." National Geographic Society. July 30, 2019. Accessed June 18, 2020. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/media/mass-extinctions/.
"Natural Solutions: Protected Areas Helping People Deal with Desertification and Drought." IUCN. March 09, 2020. Accessed July 9, 2020. https://www.iucn.org/content/natural-solutions-protected-areas-helping-people-deal-desertification-and-drought.
Ochoa-Ochoa, Leticiam, Robertj Whittaker, and Richardj Ladle. "The Demise of the Golden Toad and the Creation of a Climate Change Icon Species." Conservation and Society 11, no. 3 (September 2013): 291. Accessed July 8, 2020. doi:10.4103/0972-4923.121034.
Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. “Anthoropocene”, accessed July 10, 2020, https://premium.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/anthropocene
Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. “Catastrophism”, accessed July 11, 2020, https://premium.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/catastrophism
Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. “Eutrophication”, accessed July 13, 2020,
https://premium.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/eutrophication?q=Eutrophication
Parson, Will. “Remembering That 'All Life Is Interrelated'.” Chesapeake Bay Program, 16 Jan. 2020, www.chesapeakebay.net/news/blog/remembering_that_all_life_is_interrelated.
Patterson, Brittany. "Trump Poised to Shrink Two National Monuments." Scientific American. December 04, 2017. Accessed July 13, 2020. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/trump-poised-to-shrink-two-national-monuments/.
Pauchard, Aníbal, Christoph Kueffer, Hansjörg Dietz, Curtis C. Daehler, Jake Alexander, Peter J. Edwards, José Ramón Arévalo, Lohengrin A. Cavieres, Antoine Guisan, Sylvia Haider, Gabi Jakobs, Keith Mcdougall, Constance I. Millar, Bridgett J. Naylor, Catherine G. Parks, Lisa J. Rew, and Tim Seipel. "Aint No Mountain High Enough: Plant Invasions Reaching New Elevations." Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 7, no. 9 (2009): 479-86. Accessed July 8, 2020. doi:10.1890/080072.
Pievani, Telmo. "The Sixth Mass Extinction: Anthropocene and the Human Impact on Biodiversity." Rendiconti Lincei 25, no. 1 (2013): 85-93. Accessed May 1, 2020. doi:10.1007/s12210-013-0258-9.
Raup, D. M. "The Role of Extinction in Evolution." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 91, no. 15 (1994): 6758-763. Accessed July 12, 2020. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.15.6758.
Rodríguez-Rodríguez, David, and Bastian Bomhard. "Mapping Direct Human Influence on the Worlds Mountain Areas." Mountain Research and Development 32, no. 2 (2012): 197-202. Accessed July 8, 2020. doi:10.1659/mrd-journal-d-10-00111.1.
Sandom, Christopher, Søren Faurby, Brody Sandel, and Jens-Christian Svenning. "Global Late Quaternary Megafauna Extinctions Linked to Humans, Not Climate Change." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1787 (2014): 20133254. Accessed June 18, 2020. doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.3254.
Selig, Elizabeth R., Will R. Turner, Sebastian Troëng, Bryan P. Wallace, Benjamin S. Halpern, Kristin Kaschner, Ben G. Lascelles, Kent E. Carpenter, and Russell A. Mittermeier. "Global Priorities for Marine Biodiversity Conservation." PLoS ONE 9, no. 1 (2014). Accessed July 13, 2020. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0082898.
Sneed, Annie. "What Conservation Efforts Can Learn from Indigenous Communities." Scientific American. May 29, 2019. Accessed July 7, 2020. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-conservation-efforts-can-learn-from-indigenous-communities/.
“Species Extinction.” IUCN, 9 Mar. 2020, www.iucn.org/content/species-extinction.
Tilman, David, Michael Clark, David R. Williams, Kaitlin Kimmel, Stephen Polasky, and Craig Packer. "Future Threats to Biodiversity and Pathways to Their Prevention." Nature 546, no. 7656 (2017): 73-81. Accessed May 1, 2020. doi:10.1038/nature22900.
"UN Report: Nature's Dangerous Decline 'Unprecedented'; Species Extinction Rates 'Accelerating' – United Nations Sustainable Development." United Nations. Accessed July 7, 2020. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/blog/2019/05/nature-decline-unprecedented-report/.
Wan, Xinru, and Zhibin Zhang. "Climate Warming and Humans Played Different Roles in Triggering Late Quaternary Extinctions in East and West Eurasia." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1851 (2017): 20162438. Accessed June 21, 2020. doi:10.1098/rspb.2016.2438.
Wassmann, Paul, Carlos M. Duarte, Susana Agustí, and Mikael K. Sejr. "Footprints of Climate Change in the Arctic Marine Ecosystem." Global Change Biology 17, no. 2 (2010): 1235-249. Accessed July 13, 2020. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02311.x.
Watson, James E.m. "Human Responses to Climate Change Will Seriously Impact Biodiversity Conservation: Its Time We Start Planning for Them." Conservation Letters 7, no. 1 (2013): 1-2. Accessed May 1, 2020. doi:10.1111/conl.12083.
Weldon, Ché, Louis H. Du Preez, Alex D. Hyatt, Reinhold Muller, and Rick Speare. "Origin of the Amphibian Chytrid Fungus." Emerging Infectious Diseases 10, no. 12 (December 2004): 2100-105. Accessed July 3`1, 2020. doi:10.3201/eid1012.030804.
Wickham, James, Petra Bohall Wood, Matthew C. Nicholson, William Jenkins, Daniel Druckenbrod, Glenn W. Suter, Michael P. Strager, Christine Mazzarella, Walter Galloway, and John Amos. "The Overlooked Terrestrial Impacts of Mountaintop Mining." BioScience 63, no. 5 (2013): 335-48. Accessed July 8, 2020. doi:10.1525/bio.2013.63.5.7.
Wilson, Edward O. "Threats to Biodiversity." Scientific American 261, no. 3 (1989): 108-16. Accessed July 6, 2020. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0989-108.
Comments: