Bibliography
Bey, Sharif. "Augusta Savage: Sacrifice, Social Responsibility, and Early African American Art Education." Studies in Art Education 58, no. 2 (2017): 125-40. Bey’s article explores Savage’s role as a teacher and Director at the Harlem Community Art Center. He focuses on her influence and legacy on other prominent Black artists and her political and social responsibility.
Carter, Jacoby Adeshei, "Alain LeRoy Locke", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2012 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2012/entries/alain-locke/. Carter’s article provides a detailed overview of Locke’s philosophical stance as well as biographical information.
Clarke, John Henrik. "Marcus Garvey: The Harlem Years." Transition, no. 46 (1974): 14-19. Accessed July 21, 2021. doi:10.2307/2934951. Clarke provides a brief biographical sketch of Marcus Garvey, his organizations, and beliefs.
Etinde-Crompton, Charlotte, and Samuel Willard Crompton. Augusta Savage: Sculptor of the Harlem Renaissance. Enslow Publishing, LLC, 2019. The Cromptons provide a detailed biography of Savage’s life from early childhood until her death. The book also contains numerous images of her and her sculptures.
Farebrother, Rachel, and Miriam Thaggert, eds. A History of the Harlem Renaissance. Cambridge University Press, 2021. Farebrother and Thaggert give an in-depth overview of the Harlem Renaissance including the social and political forces involved. It also highlights major artistic contributors.
Gates, Henry Louis. “The New Negro and the Black Image: From Booker T. Washington to Alain Locke.” Freedom’s Story, TeacherServe©. National Humanities Center. July 2, 2021. http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/tserve/freedom/1917beyond/essays/newnegro.htm. Gates gives a detailed timeline of the history of the term “New Negro”. He traces its uses and evolution through different political perspectives and discusses the major debates of the time.
Gates Jr, Henry Louis, Valerie A. Smith, and Kimberly W. Benston. "The Norton Anthology of African-American Literature." (2014). This anthology combines the work of 140 writers from 1746 to the present writing in all genres, as well as performers of vernacular forms—from spirituals and sermons to jazz and hip hop. Each section includes a detailed introduction of the social and political landscape at the time.
"Great Migration." Encyclopedia Britannica, June 30, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/event/Great-Migration. This article gives detailed background information on The Great Migration including its causes and social, political, and economic impact.
Hayes, Jeffreen M., et al. Augusta Savage, Renaissance Woman. Cummer Museum of Art & Gardens, 2018. Hayes work is considered one of the definitive biographies of Savage and presents her life story along a curated collection of images and analysis of her work.
Honey, Maureen. "The Harlem Renaissance and the New Negro." A Companion to American Literature 3 (2020): 157-172. Honey examines the Harlem Renaissance as a distinct African American cultural movement during the early twentieth century, and as a shifting category in American cultural and intellectual history.
Hutchinson, Gary. "Harlem Renaissance." Encyclopedia Britannica, March 17, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/event/Harlem-Renaissance-American-literature-and-art. This article gives broad overview of The Harlem Renaissance including its precipitating factors and social, political, and economic impact.
"James Weldon Johnson: A Chronology." The Langston Hughes Review 8, no. 1/2 (1989): 1-3. Accessed July 1, 2021. This article provides a detailed chronology of Johnson’s life work including his political leadership roles and his artistic endeavors.
Johnson, James Weldon. Along this way: the autobiography of James Weldon Johnson. Vol. 314. New York: Viking Press, 1933. Johnson’s autobiography provides an animated portrayal of his life. It traces his journey from his birth and details his education, role in the Harlem Renaissance, and years as a professor, diplomat, and civil rights reformer.
Kirschke, Amy Helene. Women Artists of the Harlem Renaissance. University Press of Mississippi, 2016. Kirschke’s book chronicles the challenges of women artists and contextualizes their achievements within the framework of the Harlem Renaissance.
Locke, Alain. "Forward to The New Negro, An Interpretation". The Gilder Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance, and Abolition, 1925. Locke creates provocative and compelling anthology of writers who shaped the Harlem Renaissance movement, while exploring the evolution of the African-American in society.
“Martin Luther King Jr. Middle in Richmond, VA.” GreatSchools.org, 2021. https://www.greatschools.org/virginia/richmond/1452-Martin-Luther-King-Jr.-Middle-School/#Students. This site gathers data from multiple government sources to give an overview of a school and provide a rating based on several factors.
Savage, Augusta. "Augusta Savage: An autobiography." The Crisis 36 (1929): 269. This article written by Savage appeared in the NAACP’s Crisis magazine and includes anecdotes about her childhood and images of her work.
Sherrard-Johnson, Cherene, ed. A Companion to the Harlem Renaissance. John Wiley & Sons, 2015. Sherrard-Johnson presents a comprehensive collection of original essays that address the literature and culture of the Harlem Renaissance from the end of World War I to the middle of the 1930s.
“The Times and Life of W.E.B. Du Bois at Penn.” Penn Today, January 22, 2019. https://penntoday.upenn.edu/news/times-and-life-web-du-bois-penn. This article produced by Penn State gives a detailed biographical sketch of Du Bois and political involvement.
“Writing in Protest.” Toolbox Library: Primary Resources in U.S. History and Literature National Humanities Center, 2007. http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/pds/maai3/protest/text10/text10read.htm. This is a teaching resource which explores many debates throughout African-American history and provides not only background reading, but also discussion questions and resources for further study.
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