Human Centered Design of Biotechnology

CONTENTS OF CURRICULUM UNIT 21.05.02

  1. Unit Guide
  1. Introduction
  2. Rationale/Demographics
  3. Content Objectives
  4. Content Background
  5. Teaching Strategies
  6. Classroom Activities
  7. Appendix: Implementing District Standards
  8. Bibliography

Vertical Farming: The Future of Urban Agriculture

Taissa Lau

Published September 2021

Tools for this Unit:

Bibliography

“7 Different Hydroponic Grow Mediums.” NoSoilSolutions, June 22, 2019. https://www.nosoilsolutions.com/7-different-hydroponic-grow-mediums/. 

“Basic Hydroponic Systems and How They Work.” Simply Hydroponics. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.simplyhydro.com/system/. 

Bauld, Andrew. “Food Deserts Don't Benefit from More Supermarkets in Chicago, Study Finds.” University of Chicago News. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://news.uchicago.edu/story/food-deserts-dont-benefit-more-supermarkets-chicago-study-finds. 

Beyer, Scott. “Newark Subsidizes A Crackpot Idea: Vertical Farming.” Forbes. Forbes Magazine, April 9, 2015. https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottbeyer/2015/04/09/newark-subsidizes-a-crackpot-idea-vertical-farming/?sh=3157c95a114d. 

Chatterjee, Anwesha, Sanjit Debnath, and Harshata Pal. “Implication of Urban Agriculture and Vertical Farming for Future Sustainability.” Urban Horticulture - Necessity of the Future, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91133.

Cifuentes-Torres, Liliana, Leopoldo G. Mendoza-Espinosa, Gabriel Correa-Reyes, and Luis Walter Daesslé. “Hydroponics with Wastewater: a Review of Trends and Opportunities.” Water and Environment Journal 35, no. 1 (2020): 166–80. https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12617. 

“Dennis Robert Hoagland.” Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Dennis-Robert-Hoagland. 

Eldridge, Bethany M., Lillian R. Manzoni, Calum A. Graham, Billy Rodgers, Jack R. Farmer, and Antony N. Dodd. “Getting to the Roots of Aeroponic Indoor Farming.” New Phytologist 228, no. 4 (2020): 1183–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16780. 

"Economy League - The Promise and Peril of Vertical Farming." Economy League of Greater Philadelphia. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://economyleague.org/providing-insight/regional-direction/2018/08/10/the-promise-and-peril-of-vertical-farming.

E.P.A. Environmental Protection Agency. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.epa.gov/nutrientpollution/sources-and-solutions-wastewater.

“Hanging Gardens of Babylon.” Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/place/Hanging-Gardens-of-Babylon. 

Holt, Steve. “Can Vertical Farms Reap Their Harvest? It's Anyone's Bet.” Civil Eats, July 6, 2018. https://civileats.com/2018/07/02/can-vertical-farms-reap-their-harvest-its-anyones-bet/. 

"H.P.S. Grow Lights - High Pressure Sodium." 1000Bulbs.com. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.1000bulbs.com/fil/categories/hps-grow-lights.

"Hydroponic Grow Medium Comparison: H.T.G. Supply Hydroponics & Grow Lights." H.T.G. Supply Products. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.htgsupply.com/informationcenter/talking-shop/hydroponic-grow-medium-comparison/.

“Hydroponic Nutrient Solution (Easy Guide).” Smart Garden Guide, February 6, 2019. https://smartgardenguide.com/hydroponic-nutrient-solution-easy-guide-2/. 

“Hydroponic Wick Systems: The Training Wheels Of The Hydroponic World.” Trees.com, February 1, 2021. https://www.trees.com/gardening-and-landscaping/hydroponic-wick-systems. 

“Indoor Vertical Farming News.” iGrow, June 26, 2020. https://www.igrow.news/igrownews/the. 

Johnson, Larry. “Aztec Chinampas of Central America: EZ GRO Garden.” EZ GRO Garden | We bring the benefits of vertical container gardening to everyone. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://ezgrogarden.com/history-of-hydroponics-2/aztec-chinampas-of-central-america/. 

Kolak, Marynia, Michelle Bradley, Daniel R. Block, Lindsay Pool, Gaurang Garg, Chrissy Kelly Toman, Kyle Boatright, et al. “Urban Foodscape Trends: Disparities in Healthy Food Access in Chicago, 2007–2014.” Health & Place 52 (2018): 231–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2018.06.003.

Kozai, Toyoki, Genhua Niu, and Michiko Takagaki. Plant Factory: An Indoor Vertical Farming System for Efficient Quality Food Production. Amsterdam: Academic Press, 2020. 

LeBlanc, Rick. “Grow Light Options for Indoor and Vertical Farming.” The Balance Small Business. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.thebalancesmb.com/grow-light-options-for-indoor-and-vertical-farming-4147429. 

Li, Hezi, and Zhihui Cheng. “Hoagland Nutrient Solution Promotes the Growth of Cucumber Seedlings under Light-Emitting Diode Light.” Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 65, no. 1 (2014): 74–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2014.967285. 

McGowan, Veronica, Philip Bell, and Marcia Ventura. How Can Students' Everyday Experiences Support Science Learning through Engineering Design? : StemTeachingTools (en-US). November 2016. Accessed July 21, 2021. http://stemteachingtools.org/brief/39.

Parrella-Aureli, Ariel. “The Community Groups Working to Eradicate Chicago's Food Desert Problems.” Eater Chicago. Eater Chicago, January 20, 2021. https://chicago.eater.com/2021/1/20/22231602/chicago-food-deserts-fresh-food-healthy-hood-we-go-us. 

“Photosynthesis.” National Geographic Society, September 5, 2019. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/photosynthesis/. 

Pirog, Rich S., Timothy Van Pelt, Kamyar Enshayan, and Ellen Cook. “Food, Fuel, and Freeways: An Iowa Perspective on How Far Food Travels, Fuel Usage, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions.” Iowa State University Digital Repository. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/leopold_pubspapers/3/. 

“Population.” United Nations. United Nations. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/population. 

Pure Greens Arizona L.L.C. "Richard J Stoner: The Father of Modern Aeroponics." Medium. Medium, April 1, 2020. https://medium.com/@PureGreensAZLLC/richard-j-stoner-the-father-of-modern-aeroponics-58e7f4ac6193.

“Racial Restriction and Housing Discrimination in the Chicagoland Area.” Lake Forest College. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://digitalchicagohistory.org/exhibits/show/restricted-chicago/other/redlining. 

Vidyasagar, Aparna. “What Is Photosynthesis?” LiveScience. Purch, October 15, 2018. https://www.livescience.com/51720-photosynthesis.html. 

Wastewater Treatment Water Use. USGS. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/wastewater-treatment-water-use?qt-science_center_objects=0#. 

“Water and Agriculture.” OECD. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.oecd.org/agriculture/topics/water-and-agriculture/. 

Wehunt, Jennifer. “The Food Desert.” Chicago Magazine, August 11, 2009. https://www.chicagomag.com/Chicago-Magazine/July-2009/The-Food-Desert/. 

“What Is Sustainable Agriculture?” Union of Concerned Scientists, April 10, 2017. https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/what-sustainable-agriculture

Zhang, Mengyao, and Debarchana Ghosh. “Spatial Supermarket Redlining and Neighborhood Vulnerability: A Case Study of Hartford, Connecticut.” Transactions in G.I.S. 20, no. 1 (2015): 79–100. https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.1214

1  Wehunt, Jennifer. “The Food Desert.” Chicago Magazine, August 11, 2009. https://www.chicagomag.com/Chicago-Magazine/July-2009/The-Food-Desert/.

2 Bauld, Andrew. “Food Deserts Don't Benefit from More Supermarkets in Chicago, Study Finds.” University of Chicago News. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://news.uchicago.edu/story/food-deserts-dont-benefit-more-supermarkets-chicago-study-finds.

3 Wehunt, Jennifer. “The Food Desert.” Chicago Magazine, August 11, 2009. https://www.chicagomag.com/Chicago-Magazine/July-2009/The-Food-Desert/.

4 “Racial Restriction and Housing Discrimination in the Chicagoland Area.” Lake Forest College. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://digitalchicagohistory.org/exhibits/show/restricted-chicago/other/redlining.

5 Zhang, Mengyao, and Debarchana Ghosh. “Spatial Supermarket Redlining and Neighborhood Vulnerability: A Case Study of Hartford, Connecticut.” Transactions in G.I.S. 20, no. 1 (2015): 79–100. https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.12142.

6 McGowan, Veronica, Philip Bell, and Marcia Ventura. How Can Students' Everyday Experiences Support Science Learning through Engineering Design? : StemTeachingTools (en-US). November 2016. Accessed July 21, 2021. http://stemteachingtools.org/brief/39.

7 Chatterjee, Debnath, Pal, “Implication of Urban Agriculture and Vertical Farming for Future Sustainability”

8 Bethany M. Eldridge et al., “Getting to the Roots of Aeroponic Indoor Farming,” New Phytologist 228, no. 4 (2020): pp. 1183-1192, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16780.

9 “Hanging Gardens of Babylon.” Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/place/Hanging-Gardens-of-Babylon.

10 Johnson, Larry. “Aztec Chinampas of Central America: EZ GRO Garden.” EZ GRO Garden | We bring the benefits of vertical container gardening to everyone. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://ezgrogarden.com/history-of-hydroponics-2/aztec-chinampas-of-central-america/.

11 “Indoor Vertical Farming News.” iGrow, June 26, 2020. https://www.igrow.news/igrownews/the.

12 “Dennis Robert Hoagland.” Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Dennis-Robert-Hoagland.

13 Li, Hezi, and Zhihui Cheng. “Hoagland Nutrient Solution Promotes the Growth of Cucumber Seedlings under Light-Emitting Diode Light.” Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 65, no. 1 (2014): 74–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2014.967285.

14 Pure Greens Arizona L.L.C. "Richard J Stoner: The Father of Modern Aeroponics." Medium. Medium, April 1, 2020. https://medium.com/@PureGreensAZLLC/richard-j-stoner-the-father-of-modern-aeroponics-58e7f4ac6193.

15 “Hydroponic Wick Systems: The Training Wheels Of The Hydroponic World.” Trees.com, February 1, 2021. https://www.trees.com/gardening-and-landscaping/hydroponic-wick-systems.

16 “Basic Hydroponic Systems and How They Work.” Simply Hydroponics. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.simplyhydro.com/system/.

17 Kozai, Toyoki, Genhua Niu, and Michiko Takagaki. Plant Factory: An Indoor Vertical Farming System for Efficient Quality Food Production. Amsterdam: Academic Press, 2020.

18 “Photosynthesis.” National Geographic Society, September 5, 2019. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/photosynthesis/.

19 Vidyasagar, Aparna. “What Is Photosynthesis?” LiveScience. Purch, October 15, 2018. https://www.livescience.com/51720-photosynthesis.html.

20 "Hydroponic Grow Medium Comparison: H.T.G. Supply Hydroponics & Grow Lights." H.T.G. Supply Products. Accessed July 21, 2021.

21 “7 Different Hydroponic Grow Mediums.” NoSoilSolutions, June 22, 2019. https://www.nosoilsolutions.com/7-different-hydroponic-grow-mediums/.

22 “Hydroponic Nutrient Solution (Easy Guide).” Smart Garden Guide, February 6, 2019. https://smartgardenguide.com/hydroponic-nutrient-solution-easy-guide-2/.

23 LeBlanc, Rick. “Grow Light Options for Indoor and Vertical Farming.” The Balance Small Business. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.thebalancesmb.com/grow-light-options-for-indoor-and-vertical-farming-4147429.

24 "H.P.S. Grow Lights - High Pressure Sodium." 1000Bulbs.com. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.1000bulbs.com/fil/categories/hps-grow-lights.

25 Kozai, Toyoki, Genhua Niu, and Michiko Takagaki. Plant Factory: An Indoor Vertical Farming System for Efficient Quality Food Production. Amsterdam: Academic Press, 2020.

26 Pirog, Rich S., Timothy Van Pelt, Kamyar Enshayan, and Ellen Cook. “Food, Fuel, and Freeways: An Iowa Perspective on How Far Food Travels, Fuel Usage, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions.” Iowa State University Digital Repository. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/leopold_pubspapers/3/.

27 “Population.” United Nations. United Nations. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/population.

28 “Water and Agriculture.” OECD. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.oecd.org/agriculture/topics/water-and-agriculture/.

29 E.P.A. Environmental Protection Agency. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.epa.gov/nutrientpollution/sources-and-solutions-wastewater.

30 Wastewater Treatment Water Use. USGS. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/wastewater-treatment-water-use?qt-science_center_objects=0#.

31 Cifuentes‐Torres, Liliana, Leopoldo G. Mendoza‐Espinosa, Gabriel Correa‐Reyes, and Luis Walter Daesslé. “Hydroponics with Wastewater: a Review of Trends and Opportunities.” Water and Environment Journal 35, no. 1 (2020): 166–80. https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12617.

32 Beyer, Scott. “Newark Subsidizes A Crackpot Idea: Vertical Farming.” Forbes. Forbes Magazine, April 9, 2015. https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottbeyer/2015/04/09/newark-subsidizes-a-crackpot-idea-vertical-farming/?sh=3157c95a114d.

33 Holt, Steve. “Can Vertical Farms Reap Their Harvest? It's Anyone's Bet.” Civil Eats, July 6, 2018. https://civileats.com/2018/07/02/can-vertical-farms-reap-their-harvest-its-anyones-bet/.

34 "Economy League - The Promise and Peril of Vertical Farming." Economy League of Greater Philadelphia. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://economyleague.org/providing-insight/regional-direction/2018/08/10/the-promise-and-peril-of-vertical-farming.

35 "Economy League - The Promise and Peril of Vertical Farming." Economy League of Greater Philadelphia. Accessed July 21, 2021. https://economyleague.org/providing-insight/regional-direction/2018/08/10/the-promise-and-peril-of-vertical-farming.

36 Eldridge, Bethany M., Lillian R. Manzoni, Calum A. Graham, Billy Rodgers, Jack R. Farmer, and Antony N. Dodd. “Getting to the Roots of Aeroponic Indoor Farming.” New Phytologist 228, no. 4 (2020): 1183–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16780.

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