Histories of Art, Race and Empire: 1492-1865

CONTENTS OF CURRICULUM UNIT 23.01.09

  1. Unit Guide
  1. Introduction
  2. Teaching Situation and Rationale
  3. Content Objectives
  4. Teaching Strategies
  5. Classroom Activities
  6. Resources
  7. Appendix on Implementing District Standards
  8. Notes

Illuminating Gem of the Ocean with Art Representing African Diaspora

Renee Patrick Mutunga

Published September 2023

Tools for this Unit:

Notes

1] Wilson, August. Gem of the Ocean. New York: Theater Communications Group, 2006. 52-53. 

2 Freedman, Samuel G. “A Voice from the Streets.” The New York Times Magazine (March 15, 1987): 36, accessed July 15, 2023, https://www.nytimes.com/1987/03/15/magazine/a-voice-from-the-streets.html.

3 “Slave Ship (Slavers Throwing Overboard the Dead and Dying, Typhoon Coming On).” MFA Boston. Accessed Aug. 1, 2023. https://collections.mfa.org/objects/31102/slave-ship-slavers-throwing-overboard-the-dead-and-dying-t#:~.

4 Wood, Marcus. Visual representations of slavery in England and America, 1780-1865. New York: Manchester University Press, 2000. 41.

5 Ibid.

6 Ibid., 47-51.

7 Ibid., 54-55.

8 Ibid., 59-67.

9 Ibid., 68.

10 Ibid., 19.

11 Ibid., 23-24.

12 Ibid., 24.

13 “The Slave Trade.” National Archives. The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, Jan. 7, 2022. Accessed July 13, 2023. https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/slave-trade.html.

14 Molesworth, Helen. ed. Kerry James Marshall: Mastry. Chicago: Skira Rizzoli Publications, 2016. 110.

15 "Blackface: The Birth of An American Stereotype.” National Museum of African American History and Culture. Accessed July 14, 2023. https://nmaahc.si.edu/explore/stories/blackface-birth-american-stereotype.

16 Cooks, Bridget R. “Romare Bearden: On View.” Romare Bearden: American Modernist. Edited by Ruth Fine and Jacqueline Francis. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011. 213.

17 Ibid., 212-213.  

18 Ibid., 212.

19 Ibid., 212.

20 Miller, Angela L., Janet C. Berlo, Bryan J. Wolf, and Jennifer L. Roberts. American Encounters: Art, History, and Cultural Identity. Upper Saddle River: Pearson, 2008. 98.

21 Barringer, Tim. “Current Thinking about Race and Representation.” Histories of Art, Race and Empire: 1492-1865 (seminar lecture, Yale University, New Haven, CT, July 11, 2023). 

22 Pinder, Kymberly N. “Deep Waters: Rebirth, Transcendence, and Abstraction in Romare Bearden’s Passion of Christ.” Romare Bearden: American Modernist. Edited by Ruth Fine and Jacqueline Francis. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011. 160.

23 Elleh, Nnamdi. “Bearden’s Dialogue with Africa and the Avant-Garde.” The Art of Romare Bearden: The Prevalence of Ritual. New York: Abrams, 1973.

24 Karveh, Elham Jalali. “Myth as a semiological system in August Wilson’s Gem of the Ocean, Joe Turner’s Come and Gone and The Piano Lesson.” International Journal of English and Education 5, no. 4 (October 2016): 177-187. Accessed July 16, 2023. http://ijee.org/assets/docs/15.28112244.pdf. 179.

25 Blake, Jody. “Cold War Diplomacy and Civil Rights Activism at the First World Festival of Negro Arts.” Romare Bearden: American Modernist. Edited by Ruth Fine and Jacqueline Francis. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011. 45.

26 Francis, Jacqueline. “Bearden’s Hands.” Romare Bearden: American Modernist. Edited by Ruth Fine and Jacqueline Francis. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011. 123.

27 O’Meally, Robert G. “We Used to Say Stashed: Romare Bearden Paints the Blues.” Romare Bearden: American Modernist. Edited by Ruth Fine and Jacqueline Francis. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011. 73.

28 Ibid., 73.

29 Ibid., 73.

30 Miller, Angela L., Janet C. Berlo, Bryan J. Wolf, and Jennifer L. Roberts. American Encounters: Art, History, and Cultural Identity. 145.

31 “Portrait of John Soane Junior and George Soane, 1805.” Sir John Soane's Museum Collection Online. Sir John Soane’s Museum: London. Accessed July 16, 2023. https://collections.soane.org/object-p229.

32 Paul, Annie. “Exorbitance.” Kehinde Wiley: A New Republic. Edited by Eugenie Tsai. New York: DelMonico Books & Prestel, 2015. 146.

33 Wilson, August. Gem of the Ocean. New York: Theater Communications Group, 2006. 66.

34 “White Chicks.” IMDb. 2023. Accessed July 16, 2023. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0381707/.

35 Forrester, Gillian. "Mapping a New Kingston: Belisario’s Sketches of Character." In Art and Emancipation in Jamaica: Isaac Mendes Belisario and His Worlds, by Tim Barringer, Gillian Forrester, and Barbaro Martinez-Ruiz. New Haven: Yale Center for British Art, 2007. Accessed July 16, 2023. https://aaeportal.com/?id=-18628#A-18628_48.

36 Ibid.

37 Ibid.

38 "Catalogue: Sketches of Character." In Art and Emancipation in Jamaica: Isaac Mendes Belisario and His Worlds, by Tim Barringer, Gillian Forrester, and Barbaro Martinez-Ruiz. New Haven: Yale Center for British Art, 2007. Accessed July 16, 2023. https://aaeportal.com/?id=-18648.  

39 Barringer, Tim. “Slavery and the Plantation in the Caribbean and North America.” Histories of Art, Race and Empire: 1492-1865 (seminar lecture, Yale University, New Haven, CT, July 13, 2023). 

40 Ibid.

41 “Looking: Ten Times Two.” Project Zero. Cambridge: Harvard College and Project Zero, 2022. Accessed July 17, 2023. https://pz.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/Looking%20-%20Ten%20Times%20Two_1.pdf.

42 “Values, Identities, Actions.” Project Zero. Cambridge: Harvard College and Project Zero, 2022. Accessed July 17, 2023. https://pz.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/Looking%20-%20Ten%20Times%20Two_1.pdf.

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