A History of Black People as Readers: A Genealogy of Critical Literacy

CONTENTS OF CURRICULUM UNIT 24.02.03

  1. Unit Guide
  1. Introduction / Rationale
  2. Content Objectives
  3. Teaching Strategies
  4. Classroom Activities
  5. Appendix on Implementing District Standards
  6. Resources
  7. Notes

Inspiration via Critical Literacy: Filling Gaps in the Canon

Josefa Castelli

Published September 2024

Tools for this Unit:

Resources

Annotated Bibliography for Teachers

Beers, G. Kylene. When Kids Can't Read, What Teachers Can Do: A Guide for Teachers, 6-12. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 2003. 

As I have mentioned throughout this unit, I teach learners with a variety of support needs.  I am sure that you do as well.  I have found this text to be incredibly helpful when it comes to ensuring that my instruction is appropriate for all of my students.  It provides a variety of strategies that help students develop their literacy skills, from vocabulary to inferencing and many more. 

Hansberry, Lorraine. A Raisin in the Sun. Modern Library ed.. New York: The Modern Library, 1995. 

Though I have listed suggested scenes to have students analyze, you know your students better than I do.  For this reason, I highly recommend reading the entirety of A Raisin in the Sun prior to deciding what to ask students to read from the play.  You and your students may find value in comparing a different part of the play to O’Casey’s Juno.

Lumet, Sidney, director. The Wiz. Universal Pictures, 1978, 2 hr., 14 min.. https://www.netflix.com/watch/1130238?source=35. 

I was insistent in my Content Objectives that we focus on the original Broadway production of The Wiz.  This is because the film adaptation of the show differs from the production that Ken Harper, Charlie Smalls, William F. Brown, and Geoffrey Holder created in many ways, but primarily it differs in that it was not produced by an all-Black team.  Because of this, it is very important to make sure students focus on the Broadway show in their research in order to meet the goals of this unit.  However, I am including the film adaptation in this bibliography so that you can see a visual representation of the work that Harper et al. put into the show, even if it is not an original Broadway cast recording.  Though I can’t consider it a perfect manifestation of Harper’s work, it is still a good, accessible resource to show students because it features an all-Black main cast, and also because it’s fun! 

O'Casey, Sean. Juno and the Paycock. London: Macmillan, 1928. https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uva.x000600810. 

For the same reason that I included A Raisin in the Sun, I include Juno and the Paycock in my list of teacher resources – so that you can determine what scenes make the most sense for you and your students to analyze. 

Bibliography

Atkinson, Linda, and Nick Doob, directors. Carmen & Geoffrey. First Run Features, 2005, 1 hr., 19 min.. https://www.kanopy.com/en/product/carmen-and-geoffrey-0?frontend=kui.

Carter, Steven R.. ”Lorraine Hansberry.” In Dictionary of Literary Biography: Afro-American Writers After 1955: Dramatists and Prose Writers, edited by Thadious M. Davis and Trudier Harris, 120-134. Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1985. urn:lcp:afroamericanwrit0038unse:lcpdf:20768f51-b35a-4630-abc3-6736bc18d59a.

Columbia, David Patrick, “A happy Broadway tale,” New York Social Diary, August 30, 2021, https://www.newyorksocialdiary.com/a-happy-broadway-tale/.

Common Core State Standards Initiative. “English Language Arts Standards » Reading: Informational Text » Grade 7.” Accessed July 30, 2024. https://www.thecorestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/RI/7/.

Common Core State Standards Initiative. “English Language Arts Standards » Reading: Literature » Grade 7.” Accessed July 30, 2024. https://www.thecorestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/RL/7/.

Common Core State Standards Initiative. “English Language Arts Standards » Speaking & Listening » Grade 7.” Accessed July 30, 2024. https://www.thecorestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/SL/7/.

Common Core State Standards Initiative. “English Language Arts Standards » Writing » Grade 7.” Accessed July 30, 2024. https://www.thecorestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/W/7/.

The de Bono Group. “Six Thinking Hats.” Accessed July 16, 2024. https://www.debonogroup.com/services/core-programs/six-thinking-hats/.

Delaware Report Card. “DuPont (Pierre S.) Middle School Snapshot: English Language Arts (ELA) Proficiency.” Accessed July 9, 2024. https://reportcard.doe.k12.de.us/detail.html#aboutpage?scope=school&district=31&school=170.

Delaware Report Card. “DuPont (Pierre S.) Middle School Snapshot: Enrollment.” Last modified September 30, 2023. https://reportcard.doe.k12.de.us/detail.html#aboutpage?scope=school&district=31&school=170.

Ellis, Aimee, and Teddi L. Eberly. “Critical Literacy: Going Beyond the Demands of Common Core.” Illinois Reading Council Journal 43, no. 2 (2015): 9-15. Loyola eCommons, Education: School of Education Faculty Publications and Other Works.

Fassler, Ken. “The Wiz,” Medium, January 5, 2021, https://ronfassler.medium.com/the-wiz-386618906791.

Freire, Paulo, Myra Bergman Ramos, and Donald Macedo. Pedagogy of the Oppressed: 30th Anniversary Edition. New York: Bloomsbury Academic & Professional, 2014. Accessed July 9, 2024. ProQuest Ebook Central.

Gates, Henry Louis. “The ‘Blackness of Blackness’: A Critique of the Sign and the Signifying Monkey.” Critical Inquiry 9, no. 4 (1983): 685–723. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1343378.

Glover, Eric M.. African American Perspectives in Musical Theatre. London: Methuen Drama, 2023. Accessed July 9, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350247741.0006.

Hansberry, Lorraine. “Lorraine Hansberry Discusses Her Play ‘A Raisin in the Sun.’” Interview by Studs Terkel. May 12, 1959. https://studsterkel.wfmt.com/programs/lorraine-hansberry-discusses-her-play-raisin-sun.

Hansberry, Lorraine.  “Origins of Character.” Address to the American Academy of Psychotherapists, October 5, 1963, Quoted in Shields, Charles J.. Lorraine Hansberry: The Life Behind A Raisin in the Sun. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2022.

Kumar, Naveen. “Reviving ‘The Wiz’ Through ‘the Blackest of Black Lenses,’” The New York Times, February 24, 2024, https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/24/theater/the-wiz-revival-broadway.html.

Lamb, Kristen. “Celebrating The Wiz: How the Showstopping Musical Came to Be.” Ford’s Theatre. Last modified March 2, 2018. https://fords.org/celebrating-the-wiz-how-the-showstopping-musical-came-to-be/#:~:text=Ken%20Harper%2C%20the%20producer%20for,Fox%20to%20fund%20the%20production.

Lane, Stewart F.,. “Exclusive: "Black Broadway" Tells the Story of the Creation of The Wiz.” Playbill. Last modified December 1, 2015. https://playbill.com/article/exclusive-black-broadway-tells-the-story-of-the-creation-of-the-wiz-com-373591.

Lester, Eleanor. “Geoffrey Holder–The Whiz Who Rescued ‘The Wiz,’” The New York Times, May 25, 1975, https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/25/archives/geoffrey-holderthe-whiz-who-rescued-the-wiz-hes-the-whiz-who.html.

McLaughlin, Maureen, and Glenn DeVoogd, “Critical Literacy as Comprehension: Expanding Reader Response.” Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy 48, issue 1 (November 9, 2011) 52-62. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40012284.

McMillan, Laurie. “Telling a Critical Story: Alice Walker’s ‘In Search of Our Mothers’ Gardens.’” Journal of Modern Literature 28, no. 1 (2004): 107–23. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3831781.

Mitchell, Loften. “The Negro Writer and His Materials.” In The American Negro Writer and His Roots: Selected Papers from the First Conference of Negro Writers, 57, New York: American Society of African Culture, 1960, Quoted in Shields, Charles J.. Lorraine Hansberry: The Life Behind A Raisin in the Sun. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2022.

Morrison, Toni. Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination. New York: Vintage Books, 1993.

Nemiroff, Robert, and Lorraine Hansberry. To Be Young, Gifted, and Black: An Informal Autobiography of Lorraine Hansberry, Author of “A Raisin in the Sun.” New York: Penguin Books, 1970.

Nemiroff, Robert. “Born Black and Female.” Lorraine Hansberry Literary Trust. Accessed July 10, 2024. https://www.lhlt.org/born-black-and-female.

New York Film Academy, “Charlie Smalls and the Story Behind The Wiz.” Last modified December 3, 2015. https://www.nyfa.edu/student-resources/charlie-smalls-and-the-story-behind-the-wiz-2/.

Scott, Erika. “The Wiz: Universal Story and Cultural Masterpiece.” Ford’s Theatre. Last modified April 30, 2018. https://fords.org/the-wiz-universal-story-and-cultural-masterpiece/.

Shields, Charles J.. Lorraine Hansberry: The Life Behind A Raisin in the Sun. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2022.

Style, Emily. "Curriculum as Window and Mirror." SEED. Accessed July 9, 2024. https://www.nationalseedproject.org/Key-SEED-Texts/curriculum-as-window-and-mirror.

(@tvtangentspod). “Charlie Smalls on #The Monkees.” TikTok, January 24, 2024. https://www.tiktok.com/@tvtangentspod/video/7327694337201065262?_r=1&_t=8oNQu5F1Tcx.

Vasquez, Vivian Maria, Hilary Janks, and Barbara Comber. “Critical Literacy as a Way of Being and Doing.” Language Arts 96, no. 5 (2019): 300–311. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26779071. 

Walker, Alice. In Search of Our Mothers’ Gardens. New York: Open Road Media, 2011. Hoopla.

Woolf, Virginia. A Room of One’s Own. London: Arcturus Classics, 2020. Hoopla.

Comments:

Add a Comment

Characters Left: 500

Unit Survey

Feedback