“California School Dashboard (CA Dept of Education),” California Schools Dashboard, accessed July 8, 2026, https://www.caschooldashboard.org/reports/43694270125427/2025.
“Activism Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster,” merriam-webster.com, accessed July 8, 2026, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/activism.
Eleanor Brooks, “What Is Activism: Definition, Types, Role, Examples, Importance | Liberties.Eu,” Liberties, accessed July 8, 2026, https://www.liberties.eu/en/stories/activism/44871.
Sekou Franklin, “Black Youth Activism and the Reconstruction of America: Leaders, Organizations, and Tactics in the Twentieth Century and Beyond,” Black History Bulletin 79, no. 1 (2016): 7, https://doi.org/10.1353/bhb.2016.0003.
Kailyn Brown, Young Black Activist's Arrest during George Floyd Protest in San Luis Obispo Sparks a New Movement, Los Angeles Times(Los Angeles, CA), 2010 67,68.
Brown, George Floyd Protest, 77,78
Franklin, Black Youth Activism, 8.
Howard Zinn, SNCC, The New Abolitionists (Cambridge, Ma: South End Press, 2002), 14,15.
Zinn, The New Abolitionists, pg 8
Zinn, The New Abolitionists, pg 9
1 Gilbert Elbaz, “Adolescent Activism for Postmodern HIV/AIDS Education: A New Social Movement,” The Urban Review 29, no. 3 (September 1997): 145,146, https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1024672810059.
Elbaz, Adolescent Activism, 150.
Elbaz, Adolescent Activism, 160.
Anonymous, Westside Gazette pg 1
Tara Bartlett and Miri Yemini, “Exploring Extracurricular Clubs in High Schools as Third Spaces for Developing Youth Activism and Critical Engagement,” Journal of Research on Adolescence 35, no. 2 (May 21, 2025), https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.70034.
Earl, Maher, Elliott pg 2
Ines and Diskala
Barlett and Yemeni, Exploring Extracurricular Clubs.
Ibid, 3
Ibid, 4
Email interview with former student, unnamed for privacy
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