Appendix
Population
| Countries | Population | Rounded to One Significant Digit | Rounded to Two Significant Digits |
| World | 6,671,226,000 | 7x109 | 6.7x109 |
| China | 1,324,891,000 | 1x109 | 1.3x109 |
| India | 1,135,273,000 | 1x109 | 1.1x109 |
| United States | 304,575,000 | 3x108 | 3.0x108 |
| Brazil | 187,242,000 | 2x108 | 1.9x108 |
| Japan | 127,690,000 | 1x108 | 1.3x108 |
| Mexico | 110,009,988 | 1x108 | 1.1x108 |
| Egypt | 75,046,000 | 8x107 | 7.5x107 |
| United Kingdom | 60,587,300 | 6x107 | 6.1x107 |
| Italy | 59,619,290 | 6x107 | 6.0x107 |
| Spain | 46,063,000 | 5x107 | 4.6x107 |
| California | 38049,462 | 4x107 | 4.8x107 |
| Canada | 33,315,700 | 3x107 | 3.3x107 |
| Taiwan | 22,990,000 | 2x107 | 2.3x107 |
| Greece | 11,147,000 | 1x107 | 1.1x107 |
| Israel | 7,282,400 | 7x106 | 7.2x106 |
| Hong Kong, SAR | 6,963,100 | 7x106 | 7.0x106 |
| Ireland | 4,339,000 | 4x106 | 4.3x106 |
| San Francisco | 824525 | 8x105 | 8.4x105 |
| Macau | 538,100 | 5x105 | 5.4x105 |
| Bahamas | 331,000 | 3x105 | 3.3x105 |
| Bermuda | 65,000 | 7x104 | 6.5 x104 |
| Monaco | 33,000 | 3x104 | 3.3 x104 |
| Cook Island | 20,200 | 2x104 | 2.0 x104 |
| Vatican City | 800 | 8x102 | 8.0 x102 |
Unit Conversions
Mass
The standard metric unit of mass is 1 gram (g).
1 kilogram (kg) = 1000 g
1 metric ton (t) = 1,000,000 g =1000 kg
Length
The standard metric unit of length is 1 centimeter (cm).
1 decimeter (dm) = 10 cm
1 meter (m) = 100 cm
1 hectometer (hm) = 100 m
1 kilometer (km) = 1000 m
Area
1 m 2 = 100 cm x 100 cm =10,000 cm^2
1 hectare (ha) = 100 m x 100 m = 10,000 m^2
1 km 2 = 1,000,000 m^2 = 100 hectares
Volume
1 dm^3= 1000 cm^3
1 m^3= 1000 dm^3
Weight to Volume
1 metric ton = 1.328 cubic meter
Implementing District Standards
The San Francisco Unified School District adapts the Math Contents Standards from the Mathematics Framework for California Public Schools, Kindergarten Through Grade Twelve (2005). This unit addresses concepts in three main strands. 6
Strand: Number Sense
Standard 1.0 Students compare and order positive and negative fractions, decimals, and mixed numbers. Students solve problems involving fractions, ratios, proportions, and percentages: 1.2, 1.3- Students set up proportions to estimate mass, area and volume relating to rice.
Standard 2.0 Students calculate and solve problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division: 2.1, 2.2, 2.3- Students use the rate of rice quantity to estimate for larger populations and convert to appropriate units of measurement.
Strand: Measurement and Geometry
Standard 1.0 Students deepen their understanding of the measurement of plane and solid shapes and use this understanding to solve problems: Students explore scaling factors of area and volume to find rice storage solutions.
Strand: Mathematical Reasoning
Standard 1.0 Students make decisions about how to approach problems: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3- Students learn to understand a problem and how to break the problem into smaller parts. They determine the relevant and missing information and device a plan to solve the problem.
Standard 2.0 Students use strategies, skills, and concepts in finding solutions: 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7- Students apply strategies from simpler problems to more complex problems by using logical reasoning and arithmetic techniques. They learn to use appropriate math notation to express solutions and communicate the methods and the reasonableness of their calculations. Students approach problems more than one way and explain the mathematical reasoning for the differences and similarities of the methods.
Standard 3.0 Students move beyond a particular problem by generalizing to other situations: 3.1, 3.2, 3- Students will design a problem and a plan to solve it by utilizing the skills throughout the unit.
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