Microbes Rule!

CONTENTS OF CURRICULUM UNIT 14.06.07

  1. Unit Guide
  1. Introduction
  2. Background
  3. Strategies and Activities
  4. Notes
  5. Bibliography
  6. Resources for Teachers
  7. Appendix: Implementing District Standards

Making Connections in Science: Viruses and the Immune System

Kathleen Tysiak

Published September 2014

Tools for this Unit:

Bibliography

1. "B Cell Activation." Wikimedia Commons. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:B_cell_activation.png (accessed August 12, 2014).

2. Blerkom, Linda M. Van. "Role of viruses in human evolution." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 122, no. S37 (2003): 14-46.

3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Basic Statistics." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/statistics.html (accessed July 13, 2014).

4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "HIV Among Youth." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/risk/age/youth/index.html?s_cid=tw_drmermin-00186 (accessed July 15, 2014).

5. Chicago Department of Public Health. "HIV/STI Surveillance Report, Chicago." City of Chicago. http://www.cityofchicago.org/content/dam/city/depts/cdph/infectious_disease/STI_HIV_AIDS/HIV_STISurveillanceReport2013.pdf (accessed July 15, 2014).

6. Danilova, Nadia. "The evolution of immune mechanisms." Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution 306B, no. 6 (2006): 496-520.

7. Fauci, Anthony. "Fauci: Why there is no AIDS vaccine." NBC News. http://www.nbcnews.com/id/29898087/ns/health-aids/t/fauci-why-there-no-aids-vaccine/ (accessed July 15, 2014).

8. Fisher, Patrick. "Immunology Module." Prologue home. http://missinglink.ucsf.edu/lm/immunology_module/prologue/prologuehome.html (accessed July 15, 2014).

9. "HIV Vaccine: Western University Researchers Report Success In Trials." The Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/09/04/aids-hiv-vaccine-western-university_n_3865059.html (accessed July 15, 2014).

10. Hutter, Gero, Daniel Nowak, Igor W. Blau, Wolf K. Hofmann, Eckhard Thiel, Maximilian Mossner, Susanne Ganepola, Arne MuBig, Kristina Allers, Thomas Schneider, Jorg Hofmann, Claudia Kucherer, and Olga Blau. "Long Term Control of HIV by CCR5 Delta32/Delta32 Stem-Cell Transplantation." The New England Journal of Medicine 360 (2009): 692-698.

11. Illinois State Board of Education. "Report Card: George Westinghouse College Prep." Illinois State Report Card. http://www.illinoisreportcard.com/School.aspx?source=Profile&Schoolid=150162990250857 (accessed July 15, 2014).

12. Lanciault, Christian, and James J. Champoux. "Pausing during Reverse Transcription Increases the Rate of Retroviral Recombination." Journal of Virology 80, no. 5 (2006): 2483-2494.

13. Mader, Sylvia S., and Michael Windelspecht. Biology. 11th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2013.

14. Mansky, Louis M.. "The Mutation Rate of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Is Influenced by the vpr Gene." Virology 222, no. 2 (1996): 391-400.

15. Mansky, Louis M.. "Retrovirus mutation rates and their role in genetic variation." Journal of General Virology 79 (1998): 1337-1345.

16. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. "HIV/AIDS." More on How HIV Causes AIDS, NIAID, NIH. http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/hivaids/understanding/howhivcausesaids/pages/howhiv.aspx (accessed July 15, 2014

17. Ramirez, Bertha Cecilia, Etienne Simon-Loriere, Roman Galetto, and Matteo Negroni. "Implications of recombination for HIV diversity." Virus Research 134, no. 1-2 (2008): 64-73.

18. Riedel, Stefan. "Edward Jenner and the history of smallpox and vaccination." Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 1, 2005.

19. Sanjuan, Rafael, Miguel R. Nebot, Nicola Chirico, Louis M. Mansky, and Robert Belshaw. "Viral Mutation Rates." Journal of Virology 84.19 (2010): 9733-9748.

20. Song, Hongshuo, Josh Eudailey, Mark S Drinker, Bhavna Hora, Anna Berg, Jeffrey W Pavlicek, Fangping Cai, Tanmoy Bhattacharya, Hui Li, Shilpa S Iyer, Katharine J Bar, Julie M Decker, Joy Pickeral, Nilu Goonetilleke, Michael Kp Liu, Feng Gao, M Moody, Guido Ferrari, Andrew Mcmichael, Alan S Perelson, George M Shaw, Beatrice H Hahn, and Barton F Haynes. "Impact of immune escape mutations on HIV-1 fitness in the context of the cognate transmitted/founder genome." Retrovirology 9, no. 1 (2012): 89.

21. "T Cell Activation." Wikimedia Commons. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:T_cell_activation.png (accessed August 12, 2014).

22. "The Future is Here: GWCP Brochure." Westinghouse College Prep. http://newwestinghouse.org/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=56511&type=d&termREC_ID=&pREC_ID=396923&hideMenu=1 (accessed July 15, 2014).

23. University of California Museum of Paleontology. "A chink in HIV's evolutionary armor." Understanding Evolution. http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/news/070301_hiv (accessed July 15, 2014).

24. Zimmer, Carl. A planet of viruses. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011.

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