Understanding the System: A History of Prison and the Virginia Juvenile Justice System
Rodney Alexander Robinson
Published September 2018
Endnotes
- Mauer, Sabrina Jones and Marc. 2013. Race to Incarcerate: A Graphic Retelling. New York: New
Press.
- Mauer, Marc. 2006. Race to Incarcerate. New York: New Press
- Mauer, Marc. 2006. Race to Incarcerate. New York: New Press.
- Jr, James Forman. 2017. Locking Up Our Own: Crime and Punishment in Black America. New York: Farrar,
Straus, and Giroux.
- Blackmon, Douglas A. 2008. Slavery By Another Name. New York: Anchor Books.
- Blackmon, Douglas A. 2008. Slavery By Another Name. New York: Anchor Books.
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- Justice, Virginia Department of Juvenile. 2016. Data Resource Guide. Resource Guide, Richmond, VA:
Commonwealth of Virginia.
- Ahranjani, Maryam Ferguson, Andrew G. & Raskin, Jasmin. 2005. Youth Justice in America. Washinton
DC: CQ Press.
- Farrell, C. 2018. World Corporal Punishment Research. Accessed July 2018 July 18, 2018.
www.corpun.com.
- Mauer, Marc. 2006. Race to Incarcerate. New York: New Press.
- Mauer, Sabrina Jones and Marc. 2013. Race to Incarcerate: A Graphic Retelling. New York: New
Press.
- Justice, Virginia Department of Juvenile. 2016. Data Resource Guide. Resource Guide, Richmond, VA:
Commonwealth of Virginia.
- Mauer, Sabrina Jones and Marc. 2013. Race to Incarcerate: A Graphic Retelling. New York: New
Press.
- Jr, James Forman. 2017. Locking Up Our Own: Crime and Punishment in Black America. New York: Farrar,
Straus, and Giroux.
- Jr, James Forman. 2017. Locking Up Our Own: Crime and Punishment in Black America. New York: Farrar,
Straus, and Giroux.
- Jr, James Forman. 2017. Locking Up Our Own: Crime and Punishment in Black America. New York: Farrar,
Straus, and Giroux.
- Alexander, Michelle. 2010. The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness. New
York: New Press.
- School, Cornell Law. 1992. Cornell Law School Legal Information Institute. Accessed August 10, 2018.
https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/387/1.
- Butler, Paul. 2017. Chokehold: Policing Black Men. New York: New Press.
- Mauer, Sabrina Jones and Marc. 2013. Race to Incarcerate: A Graphic Retelling. New York: New
Press.
- Mauer, Sabrina Jones and Marc. 2013. Race to Incarcerate: A Graphic Retelling. New York: New
Press.
- Justice, Department of Juvenile. 2007. Data Resource Guide. Report, Richmond, VA: Department of
Juvenile Justice.
- Justice, Department of Juvenile. 2007. Data Resource Guide. Report, Richmond, VA: Department of
Juvenile Justice.
- Justice, Virginia Department of Juvenile. 2016. Data Resource Guide. Resource Guide, Richmond, VA:
Commonwealth of Virginia.
- Justice, Virginia Department of Juvenile. 2016. Data Resource Guide. Resource Guide, Richmond, VA:
Commonwealth of Virginia.
- Justice, Virginia Department of Juvenile. 2016. Data Resource Guide. Resource Guide, Richmond, VA:
Commonwealth of Virginia.
- Justice, Virginia Department of Juvenile. 2016. Data Resource Guide. Resource Guide, Richmond, VA:
Commonwealth of Virginia.
- Harvell, Julia Durnan and Samantha. 2017. Data Snapshot of Youth Incarceration in Virginia.
Washington DC: Urban Institute.
- Justice, Virginia Department of Juvenile. 2016. Data Resource Guide. Resource Guide, Richmond, VA:
Commonwealth of Virginia.
- Harvell, Julia Durnan and Samantha. 2017. Data Snapshot of Youth Incarceration in Virginia.
Washington DC: Urban Institute.
- Justice, Virginia Department of Juvenile. 2016. Data Resource Guide. Resource Guide, Richmond, VA:
Commonwealth of Virginia.
- Harvell, Julia Durnan and Samantha. 2017. Data Snapshot of Youth Incarceration in Virginia.
Washington DC: Urban Institute.
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