Caretakers versus Exploiters: Impacting Biodiversity in the Age of Humans

CONTENTS OF CURRICULUM UNIT 20.05.04

  1. Unit Guide
  1. Introduction
  2. Rationale and School Profile
  3. Learning Objectives
  4. Content Objectives
  5. Background Content
  6. Classroom Strategies
  7. Classroom Activities
  8. Resources
  9. Appendix on Implementing District Standards
  10. Endnotes

Montessori’s Cosmic Curriculum and Biodiversity in Africa

Sara Conway

Published September 2020

Tools for this Unit:

Endnotes

1 Leila and Jeni Says, “Clock of Eras and Geological Time Scale Puzzle” January 30, 2020, Accessed July 8, 2020. https://www.cosmicmontessorischool.com/clock-of-eras-geological-time-scale-puzzles/.

2 Finbar Toesland, "Africa's Megacities a Magnet for Investors | Africa Renewal." United Nations. April 9, 2019. Accessed July 11, 2020. https://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/april-2019-july-2019/africa’s-megacities-magnet-investors.

3 Brian Groombridge and Martin Jenkins, World Atlas of Biodiversity and Conservation: Earth’s Living Resources in the 21st Century, (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2002).

4 Laura Guertin, “Lesson 3 Outline” Penn State University, African Biodiversity and Conservation. Accessed July 8, 2020. https://courseware.e-education.psu.edu/courses/earth105new/content/lesson03/03.html

5 Camillo Grazzini, “Maria Montessori’s Cosmic Vision, Cosmic Plan, and Cosmic Education” NAMTA Journal. November 30, 2012. Accessed July 08, 2020. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1078117.

6 “Montessori Prek-5” Pittsburgh Public Schools, last modified May 2020, accessed July 3, 2020, https://discoverpps.org/montessori

7 African biome image freely available on public domain Vegetation.png: Ville Koistinen (user Vzb83)derivative work: Ukabia / CC BY-SA (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5)

8 Linder, H. P. "Plant Diversity and Endemism in Sub-Saharan Tropical Africa." Journal of Biogeography 28, no. 2 (2001)

9 Ibid

10 Ibid

11 Ibid

12 Brian Groombridge and Martin Jenkins, World Atlas of Biodiversity and Conservation: Earth’s Living Resources in the 21st Century, (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2002).

13 “A 'Sly' Species of Leaf-Tailed Gecko Uncovered from Madagascar.” Mongabay Environmental News, 23 Oct. 2019, news.mongabay.com/2019/10/a-sly-species-of-leaf-tailed-gecko-uncovered-from-madagascar/.

14 DeVreese, John. “West African Potto.” New England Primate Conservancy, Apr. 2018, www.neprimateconservancy.org/west-african-potto.html.

15 “Tree Pangolin.” San Diego Zoo Global Animals and Plants, animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/tree-pangolin.

16 "Waseca Biomes." Wasecabiomes. Accessed July 10, 2020. https://wasecabiomes.org/.

17 “World's Largest Frogs Build Their Own Ponds for Their Young.” ScienceDaily, ScienceDaily, 8 Aug. 2019, www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/08/190808213531.htm.

18 Bailey, Robert C., and Irven Devore. “Research on the Efe and Lese Populations of the Ituri Forest, Zaire.” Wiley Online Library, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 3 June 2005, onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajpa.1330780402.

19 “DRC: Efe Pygmies Deprived of Their Homeland and Their Livelihood.” WRM in English, 19 May 2007, wrm.org.uy/articles-from-the-wrm-bulletin/section1/drc-efe-pygmies-deprived-of-their-homeland-and-their-livelihood/

20 Morelli, David. “Forest Foragers: A Day in the Life of Efe Pygmies in the Democratic Republic of Congo.” Cultural Survival, 1 Sept. 2000, www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/forest-foragers-day-life-efe-pygmies-democratic-republic.

21 Ibid

22 Muis, R. "Increase of Forest Cutting Speed in Eastern Ituri Forest, DR Congo." Pygmy Kleinood. 2006.

23 “Efe Pygmies deprived of their homeland and their livelihood” World Rainforest Movement, May 19, 2007, accessed July 9, 2020.

24 "Land Rights of Indigenous Peoples in Africa - Revised and Updated 2014." Human Rights Documents Online, March 2009

25 Ibid

26 African tropical forest image freely available on public domain

27 "Land Rights of Indigenous Peoples in Africa - Revised and Updated 2014." Human Rights Documents Online, March 2009

28 United Nations Environmental Programme. Global Environment Outlook 2000. London: Routledge, 2013.

29 "Waseca Biomes." Wasecabiomes. Accessed July 10, 2020. https://wasecabiomes.org/.

30 Wickens, G. E., and Pat Lowe. Baobabs: Pachycauls of Africa, Madagascar, and Australia.

31 Ibid

32 Ibid

33 Vaughan, Erin. "Animals in the Savanna of Africa." Sciencing. November 22, 2019. Accessed July 11, 2020. https://sciencing.com/animals-savanna-africa-7811046.html.

34 Waseca Biomes." Wasecabiomes. Accessed July 10, 2020. https://wasecabiomes.org/.

35 Ibid

36 "Maasai Association: Kenya." Maasai Association | Kenya. Accessed July 11, 2020. http://www.maasai-association.org/welcome.html.

37 The Tribes of East Africa: Maasai People." Asilia Africa. January 17, 2017. Accessed July 11, 2020. https://www.asiliaafrica.com/blog/the-tribes-of-east-africa-maasai-people/.

38 "Maasai Association: Kenya." Maasai Association | Kenya. Accessed July 11, 2020. http://www.maasai-association.org/welcome.html.

39 "Maasai Association: Kenya." Maasai Association | Kenya. Accessed July 11, 2020. http://www.maasai-association.org/welcome.html.

40 Deihl Colin. "Wildlife and the Maasai." Cultural Survival. March 01, 1985. Accessed July 11, 2020. https://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/wildlife-and-maasai.

41 The Tribes of East Africa: Maasai People." Asilia Africa. January 17, 2017. Accessed July 11, 2020. https://www.asiliaafrica.com/blog/the-tribes-of-east-africa-maasai-people/.

42 Ibid

43 African grassland savanna image freely available on public domain

44 Society for General Microbiology. "Kalahari Desert Sands An Important, Forgotten Storehouse of Carbon Dioxide." ScienceDaily. April 04, 2008. Accessed July 11, 2020. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/04/080401200451.htm.

45 Fay, Robert. “Kalahari Desert.” African American Studies Center, 2005, doi:10.1093/acref/9780195301731.013.41957.

46 Ibid

47 "The Desert Melon That Helps Man and Beast Survive Long Treks Without Water." Atlas Obscura. March 18, 2019. Accessed July 11, 2020. https://www.atlasobscura.com/foods/tsamma-melon.

48 "National Botanical Research Institute." Hoodia | National Botanical Research Institute. Accessed July 11, 2020. http://www.nbri.org.na/sections/economic-botany/INP/sectors/Hoodia.

49 Ross, Rachel. "The Sahara: Earth's Largest Hot Desert." LiveScience. January 25, 2019. Accessed July 11, 2020. https://www.livescience.com/23140-sahara-desert.html.

50 "Dirt Mounds Made by Termites in Africa, South America, Asia Could Prevent Spread of Deserts." NSF. February 5, 2015. Accessed July 11, 2020. https://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=134006.

51 Ibid

52 Adams, Rebecca. "Vulpes Zerda (fennec)." Animal Diversity Web. Accessed July 11, 2020. https://animaldiversity.org/site/accounts/information/Vulpes_zerda.html.

53 Ibid

54 "Waseca Biomes." Wasecabiomes. Accessed July 10, 2020. https://wasecabiomes.org/.

55 Ibid

56 Ibid

57 Jenkins, Dr. Orville Boyd. !Kung Bushman People of Southern Africa -- A Cultural Profile, strategyleader.org/profiles/!kung.html.

58 Ibid

59 Draper, Patricia. "!Kung Women: Contrasts in Sexual Egalitarianism in Foraging and Sedentary Contexts." DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. 1975. Accessed July 08, 2020. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/anthropologyfacpub/45/.

60 "Waseca Biomes." Wasecabiomes. Accessed July 10, 2020. https://wasecabiomes.org/.

61 Howell, Nancy. Life Histories of the Dobe !Kung Food, Fatness, and Well-being over the Life Span. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2010

62 African Kalahari desert image freely available on public domain

63 Tempus, Anna Mae. "Borrowing Ideas from Montessori." Edutopia. October 22, 2018. Accessed July 08, 2020. https://www.edutopia.org/article/borrowing-ideas-montessori.

64 Grazzini, Camillo. "Maria Montessori's Cosmic Vision, Cosmic Plan, and Cosmic Education." NAMTA Journal. November 30, 2012. Accessed July 08, 2020.

65 “Download Standards.” SAS, www.pdesas.org/Page/Viewer/ViewPage/11.

66 Ibid

67 “Read the Standards.” Read the Standards | Next Generation Science Standards, www.nextgenscience.org/search-standards?keys=&tid[]=103.

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