Appendix on Implementing District Standards
In this curriculum, students will plan and investigate two of the 12 Earth Science (E.S.) standards of learning stated in the 2018 Virginia Department of Education Earth Science Curriculum Framework.58
Standard ES.1: Scientific Investigation and the Nature of Science
The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific and engineering practices by asking questions and defining problems, planning and carrying out investigations, interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating data, constructing and critiquing conclusions and explanations, developing and using models, and obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information.
Standard ES.2: Cosmology, Origins and Time
The student will demonstrate an understanding that there are scientific concepts related to the origin and evolution of the universe. Key concepts in this standard include that the big bang theory is the current scientific explanation of the origin of the universe; stars, star systems, and galaxies change over long periods of time; characteristics of the sun, planets, and their moons, comets, meteors, asteroids, and dwarf planets are determined by materials found in each body; and evidence attained through space exploration has increased our understanding of the structure and nature of our universe.
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