Notes
1. U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Transportation Energy Data Book: 2008 (27) Stacy C. Davis, editor. National Transportation Research Center Oak Ridge National Laboratory 2360 Cherahala Boulevard Knoxville,TN 37932. http://cta.ornl.gov/data/index.shtml (accessed July 15, 2008.) chp.3
2. Jaffe and Badman. "Air Pollution Impacts on Body Organs and Systems," (conference. National Association of Physicians for the Environment. Washington, DC. 2008.)
3. "Fighting Air Pollution in the Valley of the Sun." Copyright 2007 - SavePhoenix.org - Air Pollution Facts, Causes, Effects. http://www.savephoenix.org/airpollution.html (accessed May 31, 2008).
4. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Publication 789 http://www.epa.vic.gov.au/air/aq4kids/cars.asp Canada EPA, EPA Victoria, 40 City Road, Southbank Vic 3006 Telephone: 03 9695 2722 Fax: 03 9695 2785 (accessed May 17, 2008).
5. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Emissions Inventory (NEI) Trends Report: Average annual emissions, all criteria pollutants". 2006. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/trends/ (accessed May 17, 2008).
6. Office of Transportation and Air Quality (OTAQ). http://www.epa.gov/greenvehicles/Wcyd.do (accessed May 18, 2008).
7. U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Transportation Energy Data Book: chp 12
8. ibid.
9. Department of Public Works (DPW) Why we should recycle used oil. http://dpw.lacounty.gov/epd/ea/usedoil/oil_whyrecycle.cfm (accessed May 27, 2008.)
10. "Land Recycling Facts and Figures: Do You Have Two Minutes Today?" http://www.deq.state.ok.us/factsheets/land/recfact.pdf (accessed June 1, 2008.)
11. Office of Transportation and Air Quality (OTAQ).
12. Wargo, John, PhD. "Particulate Matter" (YNHI discussion for Urban Environment. Yale University, June 10, 2008.)
13. Energy Information Administration. Official Energy Statistics from the U.S. Government. http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/pet_cons_prim_dcu_nus_a.htm (accessed June 5, 2008.)
14. Wargo, John, PhD., Wargo, Linda, MES, Alderman, Nancy. The Harmful Effects Of Vehicle Exhaust: A Case For Policy Change. Jane Bradley. Environment and Human Health, Inc. 2006.
15. U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division. http://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/metro_general/2007/CBSA-EST2007-01.xls (accessed June 4, 2008.)
16. Louisiana State University, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine. Penn, A., Murphy, G., Barker, S., Henk, W., and Penn, L..Combustion-derived ultrafine particles transport organic toxicants to target respiratory cells. Environ Health Perspect in library, School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA. Aug;13 2005 (8):956-63
17. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). National Emissions Inventory (NEI) Trends Report: Average annual emissions, all criteria pollutants. 2006. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/trends/ (accessed May 20, 2008.)
18. Wargo, John, PhD. "Diesel Emissions" (YNHI discussion for Urban Environment. Yale University, June 11, 2008.)
19. Occupational Health and Safety Administration. (OSHA) http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/GHSOSHAComparison.html (accessed on June 7, 2008.)
20. Material Safety Data Sheet Tesoro Petroleum Companies, Inc., USA, 2003-02-08
21. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Air Quality Criteria for Carbon Monoxide 1991. Washington, D.C. EPA-600/8-90-045A.
22. Asian Development Bank Vehicle Emissions Reduction. http://www.adb.org/vehicle-emissions/General/health-benzene.asp (accessed May 22, 2008.)
23. Sechelt, B.C. "Automotive Exhaust Chemicals: disease causing effects."Environmed Research Inc. Canada. Online Since 1995. Orders for printed books and nutrient formulas are placed at Alpha Online http://www.nutramed.com/environment/carschemicals.htm
24. ibid.
25. ibid.
26. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Health and Environmental Impacts of NOx. 2008. Ariel Rios Building 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.Washington, DC 20460. EPA-600/8-90-045A.
27. ibid.
28. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). 1991. Air Quality Criteria for Carbon Monoxide. Washington, D.C. EPA-600/8-90-045A.
29. United Nations Statistics Division. Millennium Development Goals Indicators. http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/mdg/SeriesDetail.aspx?srid=749&crid= (accessed May 22, 2008).
30. Toxicological Profile for Acrolein. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 107-02-08. October 2007
31. Jamssem, S., T. Schettler. 2003. Health implications of snowmobile use in Yellowstone National Park. http://www.womenandenvironment.org/Health_Imp_snow.pdf 27p. (accessed June 5, 2008.)
32. National Park Service (NPS). 2000. Air Quality Concerns Related to Snowmobile Usage in National Parks. Washington, D.C. http://www.nps.gov/yell/parkmgmt/current_batlist.htm (accessed June 5, 2008.)
33. The Association of British Drivers. "The Facts About Car Exhausts." Pro-Motor Ltd 2000. First published 1998. Last updated 2007-11-16. http://www.abd.org.uk/exhausts.htm (accessed May 25, 2008.)
34. Satariano, Adam. "Study Pollution Particles Lead to Higher Heart Attack Risk." Bloomberg Report. January 17, 2008. http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=washingtonstory&sid=aBt.yLf.YfOo (accessed on June 1, 2008.)
35. Thompson, Andrea. Live Science. Air Pollution Cuts Rainfall Over Mountains. March 8, 2007. http://www.livescience.com/environment/070308_pollution_rain.html (accessed on June 13, 2008.)
36. http://www.scorecard.org/env-releases/hap/state.tcl?fips_state_code=42#sources
37. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. (ATSDR) . DHHS Publication No. (PHS) TP-90-20. December 1990 1825 Century Blvd, Atlanta, GA 30345 CDC Contact Center: 800-232-4636
38. Louisiana State University, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine. Penn, A., Murphy, G., Barker, S., Henk, W., and Penn, L.. Environ Health Perspect Combustion-derived ultrafine particles transport organic toxicants to target respiratory cells in library, School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA. Aug;13 2005 (8):956-63 Environ Health Perspect. Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA.
39. Tesoriero, Josephine. The Lead Education and Abatement Design Group Aircraft emissions in Warwick, Rhode Island, 31 Mar 2006, The LEAD Group Inc. 1991- PO Box 161 Summer Hill NSW 2130 Australia Phone: +61 2 9716 0014 http://www.lead.org.au/q&a/2006/20060331001.html (accessed June 7, 2008.)
40. Paulina Pino, Tomás Walter; Manuel J. Oyarzún A3, Matthew J. Burden; Betsy Lozoff. "Rapid Drop in Infant Blood Lead Levels during the Transition to Unleaded Gasoline Use in Santiago, Chile". Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 59 (2004): 182-187.
41. Frumkin, Howard and Solomon, Gena; "Manganese in the US Gas Supply" American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 31 (1997): 107-115
42. Hollett, B.A., and Aw, T.C. "Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA-80-228-1241, Edwin Cooper Company, Sauget, Illinois" Hazardous Substances Data Base. http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/f?./temp/~Ubdcjg:2 Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio, Report No. HETA-80-228-1241, 23 pages, 17 references, 19821982. (accessed June 5, 2008.)
43. Lucas, Allison. "Health concerns fuel EPA study of ETBE and TAME." Chemical Week; 154 Issue 18, (5/11/94, ) p10, 2/9p AN 9406130891 http://connection.ebscohost.com:80/content/article/1026636100.html (accessed June 11, 2008.)
44. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (USEPA). Latest Findings on National Air Quality. (2006) Office of Mobile Resources, EPA 420-F-94-003, Washington, D.C.
45. Daniels, M.J., Dominici, F., Samet, J.M., and Zeger, S.L. "Estimating Particulate Matter-Mortality Dose-Response Curves and Threshold Levels: An Analysis of Daily Time-Series for the 20 Largest U.S. Cities." American Journal of Epidemiology 152, No. 5, (September 1, 2000.) 397-406,
46. Ernst, Michelle, Corless, James, Greene-Roesel, Ryan. Clearing the Air. http://www.geoearth.uncc.edu/people/iheard/3115Readings/ClearingtheAir.pdf 68pp. (accessed May 22, 2008.)
47. EPA Publication 789.
48. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). 1996. EPA Takes Final Step in Phaseout of Leaded Gasoline Ariel Rios Building 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.Washington, DC 20460
49. Ritter, John. "Lawsuit Pits Risks and Roads." USA Today. Nation Briefs Section. 3/6/2003.
50. Nordberg, Lars. Environment and Human Settlements Division United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. http://www.unece.org/spot/97spot17.htm
51. Department of Transportation Center for Climate Change and Environmental Forecasting. .Grambsch, A.. Climate change and air quality. In: The Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Transportation. Federal Research Partnership Workshop, 2002
52. ibid
53. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). 1996. Non-Road Engines and Air Pollution.
54. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). 2001. Environmental Fact Sheet, Frequently Asked Questions: Emission Standards for All-Terrain Vehicles (ATVs). Office of Transportation and Air Quality, EPA 420-F-01-027, Ann Arbor, MI.
55. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). 1996. Non-Road Engines and Air Pollution. Office of Mobile Resources, EPA 420-F-94-003, Washington, D.C.
56. United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) Center for Climate Change and Environmental Forecasting 2001. About Transportation and Climate Change. http://climate.volpe.dot.gov/national.html
57. Montana Department of Environmental Quality, Helena, MT. Cain, C.J. and Coefield, J. 2001. Preliminary Air Dispersion Modeling Analysis of Yellowstone National Park West Entrance: Wintertime Carbon Monoxide Emissions. Monitoring and Data Management Bureau
58. ibid
59. http://yosemite.epa.gov/oswer/ceppoweb.nsf/content/index.htm
60. Ibid.
61. Poklis, A. and Burkett, C. D. "Gasoline sniffing: a review." Clin Toxicol 11 (1977)., 35-41.
62. Material Safety Data Sheet. Gasoline, Unleaded. E-10. Tesoro Refining and Marketing Co. 300 Concord Plaza Drive. San Antonio, TX. 78216-6999. MSDS number 888100005366 Vs. 1.1
63. Maruff, P. Burns, C.B.., Tyler, P., Currie, B.J., and Currie, J. "Neurological and Cognitive Abnormalities Associated with Chronic Petrol Sniffing." Brain. 121 (1998) 1903-1917.
64. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 Contact CDC: 800-232-4636 / TTY: 888-232-6348
65. Lage, M. J.,Platt, G. J. & Treglia, M. (2000). Inverting the classroom: A gateway to creating an inclusive learning environment. Journal of Economic Education.
66. Moallem, M. (2001). The implications of the research literature on learning styles for the design and development of a Web-based course.Presented at the AECT 2001 Annual Conference.
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